Pd/C-Catalyzed Alkylation of Heterocyclic Nucleophiles with Alcohols through the “Borrowing Hydrogen” Process
作者:Anggi Eka Putra、Yohei Oe、Tetsuo Ohta
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201501030
日期:2015.12
The alkylation of heterocyclic compounds is important for the synthesis of various biologically active compounds. In this paper, we present the development of a Pd/C-catalyzedalkylation of heterocyclic compounds using alcohols as the alkylating agents. This method gives the corresponding alkylated heterocyclic compounds in high yields (up to 99 %). The commercially available catalyst can be recovered
The Cs2CO3-catalyzed reaction of 2-oxindoles with enones affords 2,2-disubstituted indolin-3-ones through domino “Michael addition–oxidation–ring-cleavage–C–N coupling” process. O2 acts as the sole oxidant to accomplish the oxidative process. The indolin-3-ones can be further transformed to pyridazine, azirdine-fused 3-oxindoles, 4-quinolone derivatives easily.
Cs 2 CO 3催化的2-氧吲哚与烯酮的反应通过多米诺“迈克尔加成-氧化-环断裂-C-N偶联”过程得到2,2-二取代的吲哚-3-酮。O 2充当完成氧化过程的唯一氧化剂。吲哚-3-酮可以容易地进一步转化为哒嗪,阿兹丁稠合的3-氧吲哚,4-喹诺酮衍生物。
Nickel-Catalyzed Alkylation of Oxindoles with Secondary Alcohols
作者:Atanu Bera、Adrija Ghosh、Debasis Banerjee
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.3c00402
日期:2023.6.2
we have demonstrated a simple nickel-catalyzed C-3-selective alkylation of 2-oxindoles using a wide variety of secondary alkyl alcohols. As a special highlight, functionalization of the cholesterol derivative was reported. Control experiments, initial mechanistic studies, and deuterium-labeling experiments were performed for the alkylation process.
equivalent) proved effective for the C(α)-alkylation of oxindole, employing challenging secondary alcohol as a non-hazardous alkylatingagent. The C(α)-alkylation of oxindole was optimized in green solvent or under neat conditions. The substrate scope encompasses a broad array of substituted oxindoles with various secondary alcohols. Further post-functionalization of the C(α)-alkylated oxindole products demonstrated
在关键催化过程中利用经济且环境友好的过渡金属对于合成有机化学的可持续发展至关重要。铁作为地壳中最丰富的过渡金属,因此引起了人们的广泛关注。 FeCl 2 (5 mol%) 在菲咯啉 (10 mol%) 和 NaO t Bu (1.5 当量) 存在下的组合被证明对羟吲哚的C (α)-烷基化有效,使用具有挑战性的仲醇作为无害物质烷化剂。羟吲哚的C (α)-烷基化在绿色溶剂或纯净条件下进行了优化。底物范围涵盖广泛的用各种仲醇取代的羟吲哚。 C (α)-烷基化羟吲哚产物的进一步后官能化证明了这种催化烷基化的实用性。使用空气作为最可持续的氧化剂,烷基化羟吲哚的一锅 C-H 羟基化产生 3-烷基-3-羟基-2-羟吲哚。这些用于羟吲哚烷基化和一锅顺序烷基化-羟基化的可持续催化方案具有低E因子(3.61 至 4.19)和良好的生态规模得分(74 至 76),证明了废物产生最少。根据过去的报告和对照实验提出
Iridium catalysed C-3 alkylation of oxindole with alcohols under solvent free thermal or microwave conditions
Ir-catalysed alkylation of oxindole and N-methyl oxindole with a range of substituted benzyl and heteroaryl alcohols under solvent free thermal or microwave conditions afforded the corresponding C-3-monoalkylated products in high to excellent yield. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.