Stereoselective Syntheses of β,γ-Unsaturated Esters and γ-Lactones: 1-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-(diphenylphosphoryl)-1-ethoxy-1-propene, a Protected CCH2CO2Et Synthon Equivalent
摘要:
1-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-(diphenylphosphoryl)-1-ethoxy-1-propene (3), prepared from N-(alpha-ethoxy-allyl)benzotriazole (1), underwent selective Horner reactions with aldehydes to give substituted dienes. Subsequent hydrolysis of these intermediates readily produced beta,gamma-unsaturated esters 2a-c in good yields. Similar reactions with ketones followed by hydrolysis of 10 produced, depending on the conditions, either the corresponding gamma,gamma-disubstituted beta,gamma-unsaturated esters 11a-d or gamma-lactones 9a-c and 13. A double lithiation process provided beta,gamma,gamma-trisubstituted beta,gamma-unsaturated esters 15, 18, and beta,gamma,gamma-trisubstituted gamma-lactone 14.
Palladium-catalyzed addition of organoboronic acids to allenes
作者:Chang Ho Oh、Tae Won Ahn、Raghava Reddy V.
DOI:10.1039/b309258e
日期:——
The palladium-catalyzed addition reaction of alkenyl- or aryl-boronic acids into various allenes is described, which allows C-C bond formation in a highly regioselective manner under very mild conditions.
Alkenylation reaction of alpha-halo carbonyl compounds with alkenylindiums proceeded via a radical process in the presence of triethylborane. Unactivated alkene moieties as well as a styryl group could be introduced by this method. The geometry of the carbon-carbon double bonds of the alkenylindiums was retained. Preparation of an alkenylindium via a hydroinclation of 1-alkyne followed by radical alkenylation established an efficient one-pot strategy.
A Stereospecific Access to Allylic Systems Using Rhodium(II)−Vinyl Carbenoid Insertion into Si−H, O−H, and N−H Bonds
Rhodium-catalyzed decomposition of alpha-vinyldiazoesters in the presence of silanes, alcohols, ethers, amines, and thiols have been shown to produce the corresponding alpha-silyl, alpha-hydroxy, alpha-alkoxy, alpha-amino, and alpha-thioalkoxy esters in generally good yield with a complete retention of the stereochemistry of the double bond of the diazo precursor. An extension of the process in homochiral series has also been devised using either a chiral auxiliary attached to the ester function or achiral alpha-vinyldiazoesters and Doyle's chiral catalyst Rh-2(MEPY)(4). In the former approach, pantolactone as chiral auxiliary gave diastereoselectivities of up to 70%, while the second approach produced the desired allylsilane with ee as high as 72%. On the other hand, Rh-2(MEPY)(4)-catalyzed insertion into the O-H bond of water led to poor or no enantioselectivity in good agreement with recent literature reports.
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作者:N. N. Romanova、A. G. Gravis、P. V. Kudan、I. F. Leshcheva、N. V. Zyk
DOI:10.1023/a:1026065414176
日期:——
The reactions of 2-phenylpropanal with ethyl hydrogen malonate and benzylamine (or benzylammonium acetate) and of ethyl 4-phenyl-2-pentenoate with benzylamine take different pathways, depending on the conditions.