Synthesis and Structure–Activity Evaluation of Isatin-β-thiosemicarbazones with Improved Selective Activity toward Multidrug-Resistant Cells Expressing P-Glycoprotein
作者:Matthew D. Hall、Kyle R. Brimacombe、Matthew S. Varonka、Kristen M. Pluchino、Julie K. Monda、Jiayang Li、Martin J. Walsh、Matthew B. Boxer、Timothy H. Warren、Henry M. Fales、Michael M. Gottesman
DOI:10.1021/jm2006047
日期:2011.8.25
Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters presents a significant unresolved clinical challenge. One strategy to resolve MDR is to develop compounds that selectively kill cells overexpressing the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (MDR1, P-gp, ABCB1). We have previously reported structure-activity studies based around the lead compound NSC73306 (1, 1-isatin-4-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone, 4.3-fold selective). Here we sought to extend this work on MDR1-selective analogues by establishing whether 1 showed "robust" activity against a range of cell lines expressing P-gp. We further aimed to synthesize and test analogues with varied substitution at the N4-position, and substitution around the N4-phenyl ring of isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazones (IBTs), to identify compounds with increased MDR1-selectivity. Compound 1 demonstrated MDR1-selectivity against all P-gp-expressing cell lines examined. This selectivity was reversed by inhibitors of P-gp ATPase activity. Structural variation at the 4'-phenyl position of 1 yielded compounds of greater MDR1-selectivity. Two of these analogues, 1-isatin-4-(4'-nitrophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone (22, 8.3-fold selective) and 1-isatin-4-(4'-tert-butyl phenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone (32, 14.8-fold selective), were selected for further testing and were found to retain the activity profile of 1. These compounds are the most active IBTs identified to date.
Synthesis, Cytotoxic and Phytotoxic Effects of Some New N4-Aryl Substituted Isatin-3-thiosemicarbazones
作者:Humayun Pervez、Muhammad Ramzan、Muhammad Yaqub、Khalid Mohammed Khan
DOI:10.2174/157018011795514159
日期:2011.6.1
A series of N4-aryl substituted isatin-3-thiosemicarbazones was prepared by the reaction of isatin with an appropriate thiosemicarbazide in ethanol containing a few drops of acetic acid. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by means of their analytical (CHN) and spectral (IR, 1H-NMR, EIMS) data, and evaluated for their cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity potential. Eleven out of thirteen compounds tested proved to be active in the brine-shrimp lethality bioassay exhibiting significant cytotoxic activity with LD50 values ranging from 1.75x10-5M to 1.91x10-4M. In phytotoxicity assay, all the synthesized compounds, regardless of the nature of aryl substituents, demonstrated weak to moderate (5-30%) plant growth inhibition at the highest tested concentration (500 μg/mL).