Structure−Activity Relationship Studies of Novel Benzophenones Leading to the Discovery of a Potent, Next Generation HIV Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
摘要:
Despite the progress of the past two decades, there is still considerable need for safe, efficacious drugs that target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is particularly true for the growing number of patients infected with virus resistant to currently approved HIV drugs. Our high throughput screening effort identified a benzophenone template as a potential nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). This manuscript describes our extensive exploration of the benzophenone structure-activity relationships, which culminated in the identification of several compounds with very potent inhibition of both wild type and clinically relevant NNRTI-resistant mutant strains of HIV. These potent inhibitors include 70h (GW678248), which has in vitro antiviral assay IC50 values of 0.5 nM against wild-type HIV, 1 nM against the K103N mutant associated with clinical resistance to efavirenz, and 0.7 nM against the Y181C mutant associated with clinical resistance to nevirapine. Compound 70h has also demonstrated relatively low clearance in intravenous pharmacokinetic studies in three species, and it is the active component of a drug candidate which has progressed to phase 2 clinical studies.
Sulfide Analogues of Flupirtine and Retigabine with Nanomolar K
<sub>V</sub>
7.2/K
<sub>V</sub>
7.3 Channel Opening Activity
作者:Christian Bock、Abdrrahman S. Surur、Kristin Beirow、Markus K. Kindermann、Lukas Schulig、Anja Bodtke、Patrick J. Bednarski、Andreas Link
DOI:10.1002/cmdc.201900112
日期:2019.5.6
Sulfide analogues were identified that are devoid of the risk of quinone formation, but possess potent KV 7.2/3 opening activity. For example, flupirtineanalogue 3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-N-(6-(isobutylthio)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)propanamide (48) has 100-fold enhanced activity (EC50 =1.4 nm), a vastly improved toxicity/activity ratio, and the same efficacy as retigabine in vitro.
Flupirtine Analogues: Explorative Synthesis and Influence of Chemical Structure on K<sub>V</sub>7.2/K<sub>V</sub>7.3 Channel Opening Activity
作者:Abdrrahman S. Surur、Kristin Beirow、Christian Bock、Lukas Schulig、Markus K. Kindermann、Anja Bodtke、Werner Siegmund、Patrick J. Bednarski、Andreas Link
DOI:10.1002/open.201800244
日期:2019.1
seizures. With the goal of studying influences of chemicalstructure on activity and toxicity of flupirtine, we explored modifications of the benzylamino bridge and the substitution pattern in both rings of flupirtine. Among twelve derivatives, four novel thioether derivatives showed the desired activity in cellular assays and may serve as leads for safer KV channel openers.
神经元电压门控钾通道K V 7.2 / K V7.3对氟吡汀等小分子药物敏感,即使在没有配体的情况下也会发生生理反应。临床上,长期使用氟吡汀作为止痛药与罕见的药物性肝损伤病例有关。因此,出于安全考虑,这种非阿片类药物和非类固醇镇痛药无法在医疗需求未得到满足的治疗区域(例如膀胱过度活动症或新生儿惊厥)中广泛使用。为了研究化学结构对氟吡汀活性和毒性的影响,我们探讨了氟吡汀两个环中苄基氨基桥的修饰和取代方式。在十二种衍生物中,四种新的硫醚衍生物在细胞测定中显示出所需的活性,并且可以用作更安全的K V通道开放剂的先导。
[EN] BENZOPHENONES AS INHIBITORS OF REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE<br/>[FR] BENZOPHENONES AGISSANT COMME INHIBITEURS DE LA TRANSCRIPTASE INVERSE
申请人:GLAXO GROUP LTD
公开号:WO2001017982A1
公开(公告)日:2001-03-15
The present invention includes benzophenone compounds (I) which are useful in the treatment of HIV infections.