Structure–Activity Relationship and Rational Design of 3,4-Dephostatin Derivatives as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors
摘要:
Several alkyl- and O-methylated-3,3-dephostatin were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward protein tyrosine phosphatase. Alkyl chains with a length up to that of the pentyl group gave tolerable inhibition, whereas methylation of hydroxyl groups resulted in a decrease in the activity. Based on the structure-activity relationship and X-ray crystallographic analysis of C215S PTP1B-phosphotyrosine containing peptide complex, the mode of binding of 3,4-dephostatins to the active site was speculated with the aid of calculation. Several hydrogen bonds and CH/pi interactions were suggested to be important for inhibition of PTPase. A novel nitroso-free methoxime compound was designed so that all the attractive interactions were maintained. The methoxime compound was synthesized and shown to inhibit PTP1B. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Structure–Activity Relationship and Rational Design of 3,4-Dephostatin Derivatives as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors
摘要:
Several alkyl- and O-methylated-3,3-dephostatin were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward protein tyrosine phosphatase. Alkyl chains with a length up to that of the pentyl group gave tolerable inhibition, whereas methylation of hydroxyl groups resulted in a decrease in the activity. Based on the structure-activity relationship and X-ray crystallographic analysis of C215S PTP1B-phosphotyrosine containing peptide complex, the mode of binding of 3,4-dephostatins to the active site was speculated with the aid of calculation. Several hydrogen bonds and CH/pi interactions were suggested to be important for inhibition of PTPase. A novel nitroso-free methoxime compound was designed so that all the attractive interactions were maintained. The methoxime compound was synthesized and shown to inhibit PTP1B. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Bis-reaction-trigger as a strategy to improve the selectivity of fluorescent probes
作者:Dan Li、Juan Cheng、Cheng-Kun Wang、Huazhou Ying、Yongzhou Hu、Feng Han、Xin Li
DOI:10.1039/c8cc02830c
日期:——
the strategy of equipping a fluorophore with two reaction triggers that are tailored to the specificchemistry of peroxynitrite, we have developed a highly selective probe for detecting peroxynitrite in live cells. Sequential response by the two triggers enabled the probe to reveal various degrees of nitrosative stress in live cells via a sensitive emission colour change.
Accumulating evidence suggests that formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in the cerebral vasculature contributes to the progression of ischemic damage, while the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. To fully understand ONOO- biology, efficient tools that can realize the real-time tracing of endogenous ONOO- fluxes are indispensable. While a few ONOO- fluorescent probes have been reported, direct visualization of ONOO- fluxes in the cerebral vasculature of live mice remains a challenge. Herein, we present a fluorescent switch-on probe (NP3) for ONOO- imaging. NP3 exhibits good specificity, fast response, and high sensitivity toward ONOO- both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NP3 is two-photon excitable and readily blood-brain barrier penetrable. These desired photophysical and pharmacokinetic properties endow NP3 with the capability to monitor brain vascular ONOO- generation after injury with excellent temporal and spatial resolution. As a proof of concept, NP3 has enabled the direct visualization of neurovascular ONOO- formation in ischemia progression in live mouse brain by use of two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Due to these favorable properties, NP3 holds great promise for visualizing endogenous peroxynitrite fluxes in a variety of pathophysiological progressions in vitro and in vivo.
Structure–Activity Relationship and Rational Design of 3,4-Dephostatin Derivatives as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors
Several alkyl- and O-methylated-3,3-dephostatin were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward protein tyrosine phosphatase. Alkyl chains with a length up to that of the pentyl group gave tolerable inhibition, whereas methylation of hydroxyl groups resulted in a decrease in the activity. Based on the structure-activity relationship and X-ray crystallographic analysis of C215S PTP1B-phosphotyrosine containing peptide complex, the mode of binding of 3,4-dephostatins to the active site was speculated with the aid of calculation. Several hydrogen bonds and CH/pi interactions were suggested to be important for inhibition of PTPase. A novel nitroso-free methoxime compound was designed so that all the attractive interactions were maintained. The methoxime compound was synthesized and shown to inhibit PTP1B. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.