manganese(II) acetate | 21501-76-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: manganese(II) acetate
• 英文别名: manganese acetate；Bis(acetato-|EO,|EO')manganese；manganese(2+);diacetate
• CAS: 21501-76-8
• 化学式: C₄H₆MnO₄
• 分子量: 173.027
• InChiKey: UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.49
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  80.3
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

ADMET

代谢

锰主要通过摄入被吸收，但也可以通过吸入。它会在血浆中与α-2-巨球蛋白、白蛋白或转铁蛋白结合，并分布到大脑和所有其他哺乳动物组织中，尽管它倾向于在肝脏、胰腺和肾脏中积累更多。锰能够存在于多种氧化状态，并且据信在体内会发生氧化状态的变化。锰的氧化状态可以影响组织的毒物动力学行为，也可能影响毒性。锰主要通过粪便排出。(L228)

Manganese is absorbed mainly via ingestion, but can also be inhaled. It binds to alpha-2-macroglobulin, albumin, or transferrin in the plasma and is distributed to the brain and all other mammalian tissues, though it tends to accumulate more in the liver, pancreas, and kidney. Manganese is capable of existing in a number of oxidation states and is believed to undergo changes in oxidation state within the body. Manganese oxidation state can influence tissue toxicokinetic behavior, and possibly toxicity. Manganese is excreted primarily in the faeces. (L228)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

锰是一种细胞毒素，可以损害运输系统、酶活性和受体功能。它主要针对中枢神经系统，尤其是基底神经节中的苍白球。人们认为，锰离子Mn(II)增强了各种胞内儿茶酚胺的自动氧化或转换，导致自由基、活性氧种和其他细胞毒素代谢产物的产生增加，同时耗尽细胞的抗氧化防御机制，导致氧化损伤和选择性破坏多巴胺能神经元。除了多巴胺，还认为锰会干扰其他神经递质，如GABA和谷氨酸。为了产生氧化损伤，锰必须首先克服抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶。Mn(II)的神经毒性还与其在生理条件下替代Ca(II)的能力有关。它可以通过钙单向转运体进入线粒体并抑制线粒体氧化磷酸化。它还可能抑制Ca(II)的外流，这可能导致线粒体膜完整性的丧失。Mn(II)已被证明能显著抑制线粒体顺乌头酸酶活性，改变氨基酸代谢和细胞铁稳态。(L228)

Manganese is a cellular toxicant that can impair transport systems, enzyme activities, and receptor functions. It primarily targets the central nervous system, particularily the globus pallidus of the basal ganglia. It is believed that the manganese ion, Mn(II), enhances the autoxidation or turnover of various intracellular catecholamines, leading to increased production of free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and other cytotoxic metabolites, along with a depletion of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, leading to oxidative damage and selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons. In addition to dopamine, manganese is thought to perturbations other neurotransmitters, such as GABA and glutamate. In order to produce oxidative damage, manganese must first overwhelm the antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase. The neurotoxicity of Mn(II) has also been linked to its ability to substitute for Ca(II) under physiological conditions. It can enter mitochondria via the calcium uniporter and inhibit mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. It may also inhibit the efflux of Ca(II), which can result in a loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity. Mn(II) has been shown to inhibit mitochondrial aconitase activity to a significant level, altering amino acid metabolism and cellular iron homeostasis. (L228)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类无致癌性（未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

锰主要影响神经系统，可能导致行为改变和其他神经系统效应，包括动作可能变得缓慢和笨拙。这些症状足够严重时，被称为

Manganese mainly affects the nervous system and may cause behavioral changes and other nervous system effects, which include movements that may become slow and clumsy. This combination of symptoms when sufficiently severe is referred to as

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L228）；吸入（L228）

Oral (L228) ; inhalation (L228)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

锰主要影响神经系统，可能导致行为改变和其他神经系统效应，包括动作可能变得缓慢和笨拙。这些症状足够严重时，被称为

Manganese mainly affects the nervous system and may cause behavioral changes and other nervous system effects, which include movements that may become slow and clumsy. This combination of symptoms when sufficiently severe is referred to as

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

吸收、分配和排泄

锰在亚细胞中的分布,采用凝胶色谱法研究了不同化学形态的锰在长期给鼠粮中添加锰的小鼠大脑中的分布。雄性ddY-小鼠被分为5组,每组6只,第1至4组分别给予氯化锰、醋酸锰、碳酸锰或氧化锰2 g/kg(标准实验室鼠粮)的饮食,持续12个月,第5组作为对照组。最后一次喂食后24小时,动物被斩首,大脑迅速取出用于研究不同区域(纹状体、下丘脑、中脑、大脑皮层、海马、小脑和延髓)。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法分析了亚细胞组分(线粒体、微粒体和细胞溶质)和凝胶色谱组分中的锰含量。结果显示,在大脑皮层中,暴露于几乎不溶的碳酸锰和氧化锰的小鼠中的锰含量高于对照组,而在纹状体中的锰浓度与对照组相似。处理组小鼠微粒体中的锰含量也高于对照组。纹状体的凝胶色谱图显示,20%的锰在高分子量组分中,45%在中分子量组分中,而32%在低分子量组分中。在高分子量组分中的锰百分比(29%至49%)在锰处理组中高于对照组。氧化锰暴露组低分子量组分中的锰百分比(9%)低于氯化锰、醋酸锰和碳酸锰暴露组(分别为42%、36%和38%)。

The subcellular distribution of The subcellular distribution of manganese in brains of mice chronically administered manganese in different chemical forms with food was examined using gel chromatography. Male ddY-mice were divided into five groups of six animals each, and Groups 1 to 4 were given 2 g/kg manganese of standard laboratory mouse chow) in the form of manganese chloride, manganese acetate, manganese carbonate, or manganese oxide, in the diets for 12 months, while Group 5 served as control. Twenty four hours after the last feed, animals were decapitated and brains were rapidly removed for study of the different regions (corpus striatum, hypothalamus, midbrain, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata). Subcellular fractions (mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic) and gel chromatography fractions were analyzed for manganese contents using flame atomizer absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed that cerebral cortex levels of manganese in mice exposed to the nearly insoluble manganese carbonate and manganese oxide were higher than in controls, while manganese concentrations in the corpus striatum were similar to those in controls. Microsomal manganese in treated mice was also higher than in controls. The gel chromatographic profile of corpus striatum showed that 20% manganese was in the high molecular weight fractions, 45% was in the middle molecular weight fractions, while 32% was in the low molecular weight fractions. The percent manganese in high molecular weight fractions was higher (29% to 49%) in the manganese treated groups, than in controls. The percentage of manganese in low molecular weight fractions of the manganese oxide exposed group (9%) was lower than in the manganese chloride, manganese acetate, and manganese carbonate exposed groups (42%, 36%, and 38%, respectively).

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  manganese(II) acetate 生成 二氧化锰
  参考文献：
  名称：

  IVERS-TIFFEE, ELLEN;SEITZ, KATHARINA, AMER. CERAM. SOC. BULL., 66,(1987) N 9, 1384-1388

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  溶剂黄146 生成 manganese(II) acetate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  Manganese dipropionate 、 manganese(II)carbonate 、 sodium hydroxide 在 水 、 溶剂黄146 、 二氧化碳 、 manganese(II) acetate 、 sodium acetate 作用下， 以 溶剂黄146 为溶剂， 生成 manganese(II) acetate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Catalyzed process for producing metal carboxylates for use as animal

  摘要：

  本发明揭示了一种催化过程，用于生产具有公式M（CH.sub.3（CH.sub.2）.sub.x COO.sup.-）.sub.y的多价金属C.sub.2-C.sub.3羧酸盐，其中M是多价金属阳离子，包括锰（Mn.sup.+2），钴（Co.sup.+2）或铬（Cr.sup.+3），x为零或1，y为M的阳离子电荷相等的整数。通过混合（i）干的多价金属化合物，该化合物为Mn.sup.+2，Co.sup.+3或Cr.sup.+3的氧化物，氢氧化物或碳酸盐，（ii）无水的C.sub.2-C.sub.3羧酸和（iii）催化剂，以相对摩尔比约为1:2-10:0.01-3的条件下，在没有添加溶剂或其他稀释剂的情况下形成反应混合物。将反应混合物加热以完成反应，去除产生的水和约80％的未反应羧酸。残留羧酸中的产物固化，研磨并回收产物。金属羧酸盐可用作动物饲料中微量金属离子的生物有效和经济来源。

  公开号：

  US05591878A1

文献信息

• Process for preparing transition metal cyclopentadienyl carbonyl
  申请人：Ethyl Corporation

  公开号：US05026885A1

  公开（公告）日：1991-06-25

  Transition metal cyclopentadienyl carbonyl compounds of the formula: [R.sub.x C.sub.p M(CO).sub.y ].sub.n wherein R is hydrocarbyl, C.sub.p is cyclopentadienyl, M is a transition metal, x is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5, y is an interger from 1 to 7, provided that when x is 2 to 5, R can represent two or more different hydrocarbyl groups and any two R groups can together form a fused ring with the cyclopentadienyl moiety, and n is 1 or 2, are prepared in one step by carbonylating a mixture of (i) a transition metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid a .beta.-diketone, or a .beta.-keto ester (ii) a cyclopentadiene compound (iii) and a metal alkyl reducing agent.

  化学式为[R.sub.x C.sub.p M(CO).sub.y ].sub.n的过渡金属环戊二烯基羰基化合物，其中R是烃基，C.sub.p是环戊二烯基，M是过渡金属，x为0或1至5的整数，y为1至7的整数，但当x为2至5时，R可以代表两个或更多不同的烃基团，并且任意两个R基团可以与环戊二烯基团一起形成融合环，并且n为1或2，可以通过羰基化混合物一步制备，所述混合物包括（i）有机羧酸盐、β-二酮或β-酮酯的过渡金属盐，（ii）环戊二烯化合物，（iii）金属烷基还原剂。
• Additives and lubricant formulations for improved antioxidant properties
  申请人：Esche K. Carl

  公开号：US20060205615A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-09-14

  A method and compositions for lubricating surfaces with lubricating oils exhibiting increased antioxidant properties. The lubricated surface includes a lubricant composition containing a base oil of lubricating viscosity and an amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble metal compound effective to provide a reduction in oxidation of the lubricant composition greater than a reduction in oxidation of the lubricant composition devoid of the hydrocarbon soluble metal compound. The metal of the metal compound is selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and manganese.

  一种润滑表面的方法和组合物，使用具有增强抗氧化性质的润滑油润滑。润滑表面包括一种润滑剂组合物，其中包含具有润滑粘度的基础油和至少一种亲水烃溶性金属化合物，其有效提供的润滑剂组合物的氧化还原反应的抑制程度大于不含亲水烃溶性金属化合物的润滑剂组合物的氧化还原反应的抑制程度。金属化合物的金属选自钛、锆和锰组成的组。
• Metal complexes as bleach activators
  申请人：Clariant GmbH

  公开号：US05969171A1

  公开（公告）日：1999-10-19

  Metal complexes of the formula 1 [L.sub.n M.sub.m X.sub.p ].sup.z Y.sub.q (1) where M is manganese in oxidation state II, III, IV, V and/or VI or cobalt in oxidation state II and/or III or iron in oxidation state II and/or III, X is a coordinating or bridging group, Y is a counterion in the appropriate stoichiometric amount to compensate an existing charge z, where z as the charge of the metal complex can be positive, zero or negative, n and m independently of one another are integers from 1 to 4, p is an integer from 0 to 15, q is z/charge of Y, and L is a ligand of the formula (2), (3) or (4) ##STR1## and A and R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are as defined in the description.

  化学式1中的金属配合物[L.sub.n M.sub.m X.sub.p ].sup.z Y.sub.q (1)，其中M是二价、三价、四价、五价和/或六价的锰，或者是二价和/或三价的钴或铁，X是一个配位或桥接基团，Y是一个计数离子，数量要足以抵消现有的电荷z，其中z作为金属配合物的电荷可以是正的、零或负的，n和m独立地是从1到4的整数，p是从0到15的整数，q是Y的电荷z/电荷，L是配体的化学式(2)、(3)或(4) ##STR1## A和R.sup.1到R.sup.8在说明中定义。
• COMPOSITE OF METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND CARBON, METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF, ELECTRODE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL ELEMENT EMPLOYING SAID COMPOSITE
  申请人：Naoi Katsuhiko

  公开号：US20130095384A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-04-18

  A composite powder in which highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticle precursors are supported on carbon is rapidly heated under nitrogen atmosphere, crystallization of metal oxide is allowed to progress, and highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticles are supported by carbon. The metal oxide nanoparticle precursors and carbon nanoparticles supporting said precursors are prepared by a mechanochemical reaction that applies sheer stress and centrifugal force to a reactant in a rotating reactor. The rapid heating treatment in said nitrogen atmosphere is desirably heating to 400° C.-1000° C. By further crushing the heated composite, its aggregation is eliminated and the dispersity of metal oxide nanoparticles is made more uniform. Examples of a metal oxide that can be used are manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium titanate. Carbons that can be used are carbon nanofiber and Ketjen Black.

  一种复合粉末，其中高度分散的金属氧化物纳米颗粒前体被支撑在碳上，在氮气气氛下快速加热，允许金属氧化物的结晶进展，并且高度分散的金属氧化物纳米颗粒被碳支撑。金属氧化物纳米颗粒前体和支撑其前体的碳纳米颗粒是通过在旋转反应器中施加剪切应力和离心力的机械化学反应制备的。在所述氮气气氛下进行的快速加热处理理想地加热到400℃-1000℃。通过进一步破碎加热的复合材料，消除其聚集并使金属氧化物纳米颗粒的分散性更加均匀。可用的金属氧化物的示例包括氧化锰，磷酸铁锂和钛酸锂。可用的碳包括碳纳米纤维和Ketjen Black。
• Composite of metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon, method of production thereof, electrode and electrochemical element employing said composite
  申请人：Naoi Katsuhiko

  公开号：US09287553B2

  公开（公告）日：2016-03-15

  A composite powder in which highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticle precursors are supported on carbon is rapidly heated under nitrogen atmosphere, crystallization of metal oxide is allowed to progress, and highly dispersed metal oxide nanoparticles are supported by carbon. The metal oxide nanoparticle precursors and carbon nanoparticles supporting said precursors are prepared by a mechanochemical reaction that applies sheer stress and centrifugal force to a reactant in a rotating reactor. The rapid heating treatment in said nitrogen atmosphere is desirably heating to 400° C.-1000° C. By further crushing the heated composite, its aggregation is eliminated and the dispersity of metal oxide nanoparticles is made more uniform. Examples of a metal oxide that can be used are manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium titanate. Carbons that can be used are carbon nanofiber and Ketjen Black.

  一种复合粉末，其中高度分散的金属氧化物纳米颗粒前体被支撑在碳上，在氮气氛下快速加热，允许金属氧化物的结晶进展，并通过碳支撑高度分散的金属氧化物纳米颗粒。所述金属氧化物纳米颗粒前体和支撑其前体的碳纳米颗粒是通过在旋转反应器中施加剪切应力和离心力的机械化学反应制备的。在所述氮气氛下进行的快速加热处理理想上加热到400℃-1000℃。通过进一步粉碎加热的复合材料，消除其聚集并使金属氧化物纳米颗粒的分散性更加均匀。可用的金属氧化物的例子包括氧化锰、锂铁磷酸盐和钛酸锂。可用的碳包括碳纳米纤维和Ketjen Black。

表征谱图