作者:Shi-Liang Shi、Stephen L. Buchwald
DOI:10.1038/nchem.2131
日期:2015.1
The development of selective reactions that utilize easily available and abundant precursors for the efficient synthesis of amines is a long-standing goal of chemical research. Despite the centrality of amines in a number of important research areas, including medicinal chemistry, total synthesis and materials science, a general, selective and step-efficient synthesis of amines is still needed. Here, we describe a set of mild catalytic conditions utilizing a single copper-based catalyst that enables the direct preparation of three distinct and important amine classes (enamines, α-chiral branched alkylamines and linear alkylamines) from readily available alkyne starting materials with high levels of chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity. This methodology was applied to the asymmetric synthesis of rivastigmine and the formal synthesis of several other pharmaceutical agents, including duloxetine, atomoxetine, fluoxetine and tolterodine. Amines are essential in a number of research areas, but a general, selective and step-efficient synthesis has been elusive. Now, the use of a single copper catalyst to transform alkynes into enamines, α-chiral branched alkylamines, and linear alkylamines is described. These transformations have been applied in the preparation of a selection of current pharmaceutical agents.
利用易得且丰富的原料进行选择性反应,高效合成胺类化合物,是化学研究长久以来的目标。尽管胺在多个重要研究领域(包括药物化学、全合成和材料科学)中占据核心地位,但通用、选择性且步骤高效合成胺的方法仍然需要。本文描述了一组利用单一铜基催化剂的温和催化条件,能够从易得的炔烃原料直接高选择性地合成三大类不同的重要胺(烯胺、α-手性支链烷基胺和直链烷基胺)。该方法被应用于利凡斯的明的非对称合成以及几种其他药物(包括度洛西汀、托莫西汀、氟西汀和托特罗定)的正式合成。胺在多个研究领域中至关重要,但通用、选择性且步骤高效合成一直难以实现。现在,使用单一铜催化剂将炔烃转化为烯胺、α-手性支链烷基胺和直链烷基胺的方法被描述。这些转化已被应用于当前几种药物的制备。