Synthesis of Novel Benzofuran Fused 1-Azaazulene Derivative by Tandem Intermolecular Suzuki Coupling/Intramolecular Buchwald-Hartwig Type Coupling
摘要:
Synthesis of benzofuran fused 1-azaazulene derivative (cyclohepta[d]benzo[4,5]furano[2,3-b]pyrrole) (4) was achieved successfully by tandem intermolecular Suzuki coupling/intramolecular Buchwald-Hartwig type coupling of 2-chloro-3-iodo-1-azaazulene with 2-hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacolate in the presence of Pd catalyst. The compound 4 was also obtained by the reaction of 2-chloro-1-azaazulene with 2-iodophenol in the presence of Pd catalyst in one pot. It was considered that the obtained tetra-cyclic heterocycles would consist 18 pi peripheral conjugated system by the studies of UV/Vis spectra and H-1 NMR spectra, together with DFT calculation.
Introduction of aryl and heteroaryl groups onto 1-azaazulene ring was achieved by addition-elimination reaction and Suzuki coupling. Reaction of 2-chloro-1-azaazulenes with 2-aryllithium and 2-heteroaryllithium followed by dehydrogenation with o-chloranil gave 8-aryl- and 8-heteroaryl-2-chloro-1-azaazulene in good yields. Suzuki coupling of 3-iodo-1-azaazulenens with phenylboronic acid in the presence of Pd catalyst afforded 3-phenyl-1-azaazulenes in excellent yield. Suzuki coupling of 2-bromo-1-azaazulenes with phenylboronic acid gave 2-phenyl-1-azaazulenes. Suzuki coupling of 2,3-dibromo-1-azaazulene with phenylboronic acid preferentially occurred at C-2. Reaction of 3-iodo-1-azaazulene with bis(pinacolato)diboron produced 3,3'-bis(1-azaazulene) derivative.
Synthesis of [Poly(2-pyridyl)-Substituted]-1-azaazulenes
2-(2-Pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes were derived from 2-bromo- or 2-iodo-1-azaazulenes and 3-(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes were derived from 3-iodo-1-azaazulenes by Suzuki coupling. Reaction of 3-iodo-1-azaazulenes with B(NPDEA) gave corresponding 3-(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes together with 3-borylated-2-chloor-1-azaazulene (9a) or 3,3'-bi(2-methoxy-1-azaazulene) (10b). Reactions of 8-(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulene with 2-pyridyllithium gave 4,8-di(2-pyridyl)- and 6,8-di(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes. Reactions of 4,8-di(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulene with 2-pyridyl lithium gave 4,6,8-tri(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulene. The reactivity of the seven-menbered ring is C8 > C6 > C4. Reaction of 3-(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes with 2-pyridyllithium gave 3,4-di(2-pyridyl)- and 3,8-di(2-pyridyl)-1-azaazulenes.
Synthesis of Aryl Conjugated (1-Azaazulenyl)acetylenes and Facile Synthesis of Thiophene Fused 1-Azaazulenes
3-Ethynyl-1-azaazulene derivatives were obtained by Sonogashira-Hagihara reaction of 3-iodo-2-chloro-1-azaazulenes, and 2-(phenylethynyl)-1-azaazulenes were obtained by the reaction of 2-bromo-1-azaazulenes. Glaser reaction of 2-chloro-3-ethynyl-1-azaazulenes gave 1,4-bis(2-chloro-1-azaazulen-3-yl)-1,3-butadiyne. Treatment of 2-chloro-3-ethynyl-1-azaazulene derivatives with sodium hydrosulfide gave corresponding 1-thia-9-azacyclopent[a]azulene derivatives in good yield.
Synthesis of Novel Benzofuran Fused 1-Azaazulene Derivative by Tandem Intermolecular Suzuki Coupling/Intramolecular Buchwald-Hartwig Type Coupling
Synthesis of benzofuran fused 1-azaazulene derivative (cyclohepta[d]benzo[4,5]furano[2,3-b]pyrrole) (4) was achieved successfully by tandem intermolecular Suzuki coupling/intramolecular Buchwald-Hartwig type coupling of 2-chloro-3-iodo-1-azaazulene with 2-hydroxyphenylboronic acid pinacolate in the presence of Pd catalyst. The compound 4 was also obtained by the reaction of 2-chloro-1-azaazulene with 2-iodophenol in the presence of Pd catalyst in one pot. It was considered that the obtained tetra-cyclic heterocycles would consist 18 pi peripheral conjugated system by the studies of UV/Vis spectra and H-1 NMR spectra, together with DFT calculation.
Synthesis and Reactions of 3- and 8-Ethynyl-1-azaazulenes