AbstractHerein, we report a novel enzymatic dimerization‐induced self‐assembly (e‐DISA) procedure that converts alanine‐tyramine conjugates into highly uniform enzyme‐loaded nanoparticles (NPs) or nanocontainers by the action of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in an aqueous medium under ambient conditions. The NP formation was possible with both enantiomers of alanine, and the average diameter could be varied from 150 nm to 250 nm (with a 5–12 % standard deviation of as‐prepared samples) depending on the precursor concentration. About 60 % of the added HRP enzyme was entrapped within the NPs and was subsequently utilized for post‐synthetic modification of the NPs with phenolic compounds such as tyramine or tannic acid. One‐pot multi‐enzyme entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) and peroxidase (HRP) within the NPs was also achieved. These GOx‐HRP loaded NPs allowed multimodal detection of glucose, including that present in human saliva, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 740 nM through fluorimetry. The NPs exhibited good cytocompatibility and were stable to changes in pH (acidic to basic), temperature, ultrasonication, and even the presence of organic solvent (EtOH) to a certain extent, since they are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π‐π, and CH‐π interactions. The proposed e‐DISA procedure can be widely expanded through the design of diverse enzyme‐responsive precursors.
摘要我们在此报告了一种新型的酶促二聚化诱导自组装(e-DISA)程序,该程序在水介质中通过辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的作用,在环境条件下将丙氨酸-酪胺共轭物转化为高度均匀的酶载纳米颗粒(NPs)或纳米容器。丙氨酸的两种对映体均可形成 NP,根据前体浓度的不同,平均直径可在 150 nm 到 250 nm 之间变化(与制备的样品相比,标准偏差为 5-12%)。加入的 HRP 酶约有 60% 被包裹在 NPs 中,随后用于用酚类化合物(如酪胺或单宁酸)对 NPs 进行合成后修饰。此外,还在 NPs 中实现了葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)和过氧化物酶(HRP)的一锅多酶夹持。这些装载了 GOx-HRP 的 NPs 可以多模式检测葡萄糖,包括人体唾液中的葡萄糖,通过荧光测定法的检测限(LoD)为 740 nM。由于 NPs 通过分子间氢键、π-π 和 CH-π 相互作用而稳定,因此具有良好的细胞相容性,对 pH 值变化(从酸性到碱性)、温度、超声波甚至有机溶剂(EtOH)的存在都有一定程度的稳定性。建议的 e-DISA 程序可通过设计各种酶响应前体得到广泛推广。