Isatin Derived Spirocyclic Analogues with α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactone as Anticancer Agents: A Structure–Activity Relationship Study
作者:Sandeep Rana、Elizabeth C. Blowers、Calvin Tebbe、Jacob I. Contreras、Prakash Radhakrishnan、Smitha Kizhake、Tian Zhou、Rajkumar N. Rajule、Jamie L. Arnst、Adnan R. Munkarah、Ramandeep Rattan、Amarnath Natarajan
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00400
日期:2016.5.26
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone analogues and their evaluation as anticanceragents is described. SAR identified a spirocyclic analogue 19 that inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB activity, cancer cell growth and tumor growth in an ovarian cancer model. A second iteration of synthesis and screening identified 29 which inhibited cancer cell growth with low-μM potency. Our data
Fluorous tagging: an enabling isolation technique for indium-mediated allylation reactions in water
作者:Carolyn S. Reid、Yuhua Zhang、Chao-Jun Li
DOI:10.1039/b713244c
日期:——
An efficient method was developed to allylate aldehydes using an aqueous indium-mediated allylation reaction with fluorous-tagged allyl halides, and to directly purify the products by fluorous solid phase extraction (F-SPE).
presence of BF(3).Et(2)O, affords the corresponding (Z)-alpha-alkylidene-gamma-aryl-gamma-hydroxy esters in 81-100% Z-selectivity. Chromatographic separation of isomers, followed by lactonization with trifluoroacetic acid, provides isomerically pure (Z)-alpha-alkylidene-gamma-aryl-gamma-butyrolactones in 53-78% overall yield. Isomerization of the (Z)-alkylidene hydroxyl esters using LDA, followed by
New antifungal scaffold derived from a natural pharmacophore: Synthesis of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone derivatives and their antifungal activity against Colletotrichum lagenarium
Thirty new and thirty-four known analogues were designed and synthesized to improve the potential use of the alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone ring, a natural pharmacophore. All structures were confirmed by H-1 and C-13 NMR, MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The results of antifungal and cytotoxic activity indicated that the synthesized analogues showed significant inhibitory activity and limited selectivity. Compound 45 exhibited the highest antifungal activity with IC50 = 22.8 mu M but moderate cytotoxic activity with IC50 = 28.5 mu M (against BGC823 cell line) and 7.7 mu M (against HeLa cell line). Analysis of structure-activity relationships revealed that the incorporation of an aromatic ring into the beta, gamma positions of the lactone ring improved antifungal activity, and that the introduction of electron-withdrawing groups into the aromatic rings increased the activity compared with electron-donating groups. The above results identified 4-phenyl-3-phenyl-2-methylenebutyrolactone (33) as a lead scaffold for discovering and developing novel and improved crop-protection agents. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
An Improved Procedure for α-Methylenation of Lactones
作者:Maria M. Murta、Mariangela B. M. de Azevedo、Andrew E. Greene
DOI:10.1080/00397919308009804
日期:1993.2
A variety of gamma-butyrolactones, as well as a delta-valerolactone and an ester, have been efficiently converted to their alpha-methylene derivatives by using an improved decarboxylative methylenation procedure, which is simpler and more general than the previously described method.