申请人:Kuraray Company Ltd.
公开号:US04745229A1
公开(公告)日:1988-05-17
A process for preparing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or alkenyl group with or without being substituted with a lower acyloxy group. The aldehyde of the general formula (I) is prepared by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIa) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of tri(lower alkyl)amine N-oxides of the formula, R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-, in which R.sup.4 represents a lower alkyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and N-lower alkylmorpholine N-oxides of the following formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.5 represents a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alternatively, the aldehyde of the formula (I) is obtained by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIb) ##STR4## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of tri(lower alkyl)amine N-oxides of the formula, R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-, in which R.sup.4 has the same meaning as defined above, and N-lower alkylmorpholine N-oxides of the following formula ##STR5## in which R.sup.5 has the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of an alkali metal iodide or a copper halide.
一种制备通式(I)的α,β-不饱和醛的方法:其中R1、R2和R3分别是氢原子,或带或不带较低酰氧基的烷基或烯基基团。通式(I)的醛通过以下反应制备:一种来自以下通式(IIa)的烯丙基氯化物与被选择自三(较低烷基)胺N-氧化物(R3 4N+ O-)或N-较低烷基吗啉N-氧化物(其中R5代表具有1至4个碳原子的较低烷基基团)的胺氧化物之一反应:另外,通式(I)的醛也可以在存在碘化金属或卤化铜的情况下,通过以下通式(IIb)的烯丙基氯化物与被选择自三(较低烷基)胺N-氧化物(R3 4N+ O-)或N-较低烷基吗啉N-氧化物(其中R5代表具有1至4个碳原子的较低烷基基团)的胺氧化物之一反应而得到: