Environmentally Friendly One-Pot Synthesis of α-Alkylated Nitriles Using Hydrotalcite-Supported Metal Species as Multifunctional Solid Catalysts
作者:Ken Motokura、Noriaki Fujita、Kohsuke Mori、Tomoo Mizugaki、Kohki Ebitani、Koichiro Jitsukawa、Kiyotomi Kaneda
DOI:10.1002/chem.200600317
日期:2006.11.6
diameter of about 70 A is observed on the Pd(nano)/HT surface by transmission electron microscopy analysis. These hydrotalcite-supported metal catalysts can effectively promote alpha-alkylation reactions of various nitriles with primary alcohols or carbonyl compounds through tandem reactions consisting of metal-catalyzed oxidation and reduction, and an aldol reaction promoted by the base sites of the
通过处理碱性层状双氢氧化物,水滑石(HT,Mg(6)Al(2)(OH)( 16)CO(3))与RuCl(3)n H(2)O和K(2)[PdCl(4)]水溶液分别使用表面浸渍法。通过X射线衍射,能量色散X射线,电子顺磁共振和X射线吸收精细结构光谱分析,证明了Ru(IV)单体已接枝到HT的表面。同时,在减少表面分离的Pd(II)种类之后,通过透射电子显微镜分析在Pd(纳米)/ HT表面上观察到平均直径为约70A的高度分散的Pd纳米团簇。这些水滑石负载的金属催化剂可通过由金属催化的氧化和还原组成的串联反应,以及由HT的碱位促进的羟醛反应,有效地促进各种腈与伯醇或羰基化合物的α-烷基化反应。在这些催化的α-烷基化反应中,均质的碱是不必要的,唯一的副产物是水。另外,这些催化剂体系适用于戊二腈衍生物的一锅法合成。