Rapid Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Monomers Obtained from Biomass‐Derived Furfuryl Amines and Maleic Anhydride
作者:Anna Blanpain、James H. Clark、Thomas J. Farmer、Yuanlong Guo、Ian D. V. Ingram、John E. Kendrick、Stefan B. Lawrenson、Michael North、George Rodgers、Adrian C. Whitwood
DOI:10.1002/cssc.201900748
日期:——
Well‐controlled and extremely rapid ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of unusual oxanorbornene lactam esters by Grubbs third‐generation catalyst is used to prepare a range of bio‐based homo‐ and copolymers. Bio‐derived oxanorbornene lactam monomers were prepared at room temperature from maleic anhydride and secondary furfuryl amines by using a 100 % atom economical, tandem Diels–Alder lactamization
HCOONa can completely shift N-alkylation to the 5a side by significantly reducing activation energy from 55.3 to 46.8 kJ mol−1 in the 4a-to-5a transfer-hydrogenation stage, which leads to a 15-fold increase in the rate constant for 4a hydrogenation at 140 °C. This research study highlights a kinetic understanding of N-alkylation for the construction of biomass-based amines.
Discovery of 2-[1-(4,4-Difluorocyclohexyl)piperidin-4-yl]-6-fluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-isoindole-4-carboxamide (NMS-P118): A Potent, Orally Available, and Highly Selective PARP-1 Inhibitor for Cancer Therapy
The nuclear protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has a well-established role in the signaling and repair of DNA and is a prominent target in oncology, as testified by the number of candidates in clinical testing that unselectively target both PARP-1 and its closest isoform PARP-2. The goal of our program was to find a PARP-1 selective inhibitor that would potentially mitigate toxicities arising from cross-inhibition of PARP-2. Thus, an HTS campaign on the proprietary Nerviano Medical Sciences (NMS) chemical collection, followed by SAR optimization, allowed us to discover 2-[1-4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)piperidin-4-yl] -6-fluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-4-carboxamide (NMS-P118, 20by). NMS-P118 proved to be a potent, orally available, and highly selective PARP-1 inhibitor endowed with excellent ADME and pharmacokinetic profiles and high efficacy in vivo both as a single agent and in combination with Temozolomide in MDA-MB-436 and Capan-1 xenograft models, respectively. Cocrystal structures of 20by with both PARP-1 and PARP-2 catalytic domain proteins allowed rationalization of the observed selectivity.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Octahydroepoxyisoindole‐7‐carboxylic Acids and Norcantharidin–Amide Hybrids as Norcantharidin Analogues
作者:Lacey Hizartzidis、Jayne Gilbert、Christopher P. Gordon、Jennette A. Sakoff、Adam McCluskey
DOI:10.1002/cmdc.201900180
日期:2019.6.18
Octahydroepoxyisoindole analogues of norcantharidin were accessed through a Diels-Alder reaction of an amine-substituted furan with maleic anhydride and subsequent reduction of the bicyclo[2.2.1]hepteneolefin. Despite retention of the carboxylate and the ether bridgehead known to impart cytotoxic activity to norcantharidin, none of these analogues displayed notable cytotoxicity against the 11 cell