申请人:ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
公开号:US06060592A1
公开(公告)日:2000-05-09
Novel 2- and 4-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides and oligonucleosides are provided, as are methods and intermediates useful in preparing same. In preferred embodiments, one of the 2- and 4-substituents is .dbd.O, .dbd.NH, or .dbd.NH.sub.2.sup.+ and the other is Q, .dbd.C (R.sub.A)--Q, C(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)--C(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)--Q, C (R.sub.A).dbd.C(R.sub.C)--Q or C.tbd.C--Q, where R.sub.A, R.sub.B, R.sub.C and R.sub.D independently are H, SH, OH, NH.sub.2, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, or one of (R.sub.A)(R.sub.B) or (R.sub.C)(R.sub.D) is .dbd.O, and Q is halogen, hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylamine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl-N-phthalimide, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylimidazole, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylbis-imidazole, imidazole, bis-imidazole, amine, N-phthalimide, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkynyl, hydroxyl, thiol, keto, carboxyl, nitrates, nitro, nitroso, nitrile, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, NH-alkyl, N-dialkyl, O-aralkyl, S-aralkyl, NH-aralkyl, azido, hydrazino, hydroxylamino, isocyanato, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfide, disulfide, silyl, O-(hydroxyl protecting group), a leaving group, a heterocycle, an intercalator, a reporter molecule, a conjugate, a polyamine, a polyamide, a polyethylene glycol, a polyether, or a depurination enhancing group.
本发明提供了2-和4-取代
嘧啶核苷和寡核苷酸,以及用于制备它们的方法和中间体。在优选实施例中,2-和4-取代基之一为.dbd.O、.dbd.NH或.dbd.NH.sub.2.sup.+,另一个为Q、.dbd.C(R.sub.A)--Q、C(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)--C(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)--Q、C(R.sub.A).dbd.C(R.sub.C)--Q或C.tbd.C--Q,其中R.sub.A、R.sub.B、R.sub.C和R.sub.D独立地为H、SH、OH、NH.sub.2或C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基,或者(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)或(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)之一为.dbd.O,Q为卤素、氢、C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基、C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基胺、C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基-N-邻二甲
酰亚胺、C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基
咪唑、C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基
双咪唑、
咪唑、
双咪唑、胺、N-邻二甲
酰亚胺、C.sub.2-C.sub.20烯基、C.sub.2-C.sub.20炔基、羟基、
硫醇、酮、
羧酸、
硝酸盐、硝基、亚硝基、腈、三
氟甲基、三
氟甲氧基、O-烷基、S-烷基、NH-烷基、N-二烷基、O-芳基烷基、S-芳基烷基、NH-芳基烷基、
叠氮基、
肼基、
羟胺基、
异氰酸酯、亚砜、
磺酸、
硫化物、二
硫化物、
硅烷基、O-(羟基保护基)、离去基、杂环、插入剂、报告分子、结合物、
多胺、多酰胺、聚
乙二醇、聚醚或去
嘌呤增强基。