在重要的化学反应中具有高活性和选择性的纳米结构和可重复使用的 3d 金属催化剂是非常需要的。在这里,开发了一种钴催化剂,用于通过还原胺化反应合成伯胺,使用氢气作为还原剂,易处理的氨水溶解在水中,作为氮源。催化剂在非常温和的条件下运行(1.5 mol% 催化剂负载,50 °C 和 10 bar H 2压力)并优于市售的贵金属催化剂(Pd、Pt、Ru、Rh、Ir)。观察到广泛的范围和非常好的官能团耐受性。高活性的关键似乎是使用的载体:一种 N 掺杂的无定形碳材料,具有小的和乱层无序的石墨域,它是微孔的,具有双峰尺寸分布,并且在孔中具有基本的 NH 官能团。
Hydrazines and Azides via the Metal-Catalyzed Hydrohydrazination and Hydroazidation of Olefins
作者:Jérôme Waser、Boris Gaspar、Hisanori Nambu、Erick M. Carreira
DOI:10.1021/ja062355+
日期:2006.9.1
which the H and the N atoms come from two different reagents, a silane and an oxidizing nitrogen source (azodicarboxylate or sulfonyl azide). The hydrohydrazination reaction using di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate is characterized by its ease of use, large functional group tolerance, and broad scope, including mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted olefins. Key to the development of the hydroazidation
报道了 Co 和 Mn 催化的烯烃加氢肼和加氢叠氮化反应的发现、研究和实施。这些反应等效于 CC 双键与受保护的肼或偶氮酸的直接加氢胺化,但基于不同的概念,其中 H 和 N 原子来自两种不同的试剂,硅烷和氧化性氮源(偶氮二羧酸或磺酰叠氮化物) )。使用偶氮二羧酸二叔丁酯的加氢肼反应具有使用方便、官能团耐受性大、适用范围广的特点,包括单、二、三和四取代烯烃。氢叠氮化反应发展的关键是使用磺酰叠氮化物作为氮源和叔丁基过氧化氢的活化作用。发现该反应对于单、二和三取代烯烃的官能化是有效的,并且只有少数官能团是不能容忍的。获得的烷基叠氮化物是通用中间体,可以在不分离叠氮化物的情况下转化为游离胺或三唑。初步的机理研究表明,烯烃的氢化钴是限速的,然后是胺化反应。不能排除并可能涉及自由基中间体。然后进行胺化反应。不能排除并可能涉及自由基中间体。然后进行胺化反应。不能排除并可能涉及自由基中间体。
Sequential Reductive Amination-Hydrogenolysis: A One-Pot Synthesis of Challenging Chiral Primary Amines
作者:Thomas C. Nugent、Daniela E. Negru、Mohamed El-Shazly、Dan Hu、Abdul Sadiq、Ahtaram Bibi、M. Naveed Umar
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201100250
日期:2011.8
Difficult-to-access chiralprimaryamines were formed in good to high yield and ee using a rare example of a one-potsynthesis from prochiral ketones (sequentialreductive amination-hydrogenloysis). As a highlight we also demonstrate a one-potreductive amination-hydrogenolysis-reductive amination (five reactions) of ortho-methoxyacetophenone resulting in the chiral diamine 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethy
Asymmetric Intermolecular Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Simple Amines
作者:Alexander L. Reznichenko、Hiep N. Nguyen、Kai C. Hultzsch
DOI:10.1002/anie.201004570
日期:2010.11.15
A hard nut to crack: The asymmetric intermolecular Markovnikov addition of simple amines to unactivatedalkenes can be achieved utilizing binaphtholate rare‐earth‐metal catalysts with up to 61 % ee and 73 % de in the case where R2 contains a stereogenic center.
Mild and efficient deprotection of the amine protecting p-methoxyphenyl (PMP) group
作者:Jorge M.M. Verkade、Lieke J.C. van Hemert、Peter J.L.M. Quaedflieg、Paul L. Alsters、Floris L. van Delft、Floris P.J.T. Rutjes
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.09.044
日期:2006.11
Mild and efficientprocedures for deprotection of the amine nitrogen protecting p-methoxyphenyl (PMP) group are described. Periodic acid and trichloroisocyanuricacid (TCCA) were found to be particularly effective in realizing amine liberation using 1 and 0.5 equiv of the oxidant, respectively. Extension of the periodic acid-mediated conditions to simultaneous alcohol oxidation by combination with