1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoroethanol | 329-77-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoroethanol
• 英文别名: 1-(4-Chlor-phenyl)-2-fluor-aethanol
• CAS: 329-77-1
• 化学式: C₈H₈ClFO
• 分子量: 174.602
• InChiKey: JMNCKYUDDRBQKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.25
• 拓扑面积：
  20.2
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoroethanol 、 乙腈 在 硫酸 作用下， 以94%的产率得到N-[1-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-fluoro-ethyl]-acetamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  通过Ritter反应轻松制备含二氟甲基和一氟甲基的酰胺

  摘要：

  发现仲和叔二氟甲基化甲醇在浓硫酸的催化下容易与乙腈反应，以良好的收率得到相应的二氟甲基化乙酰胺，这比先前报道的与相应的三氟甲基化甲醇的Ritter反应明显更有效。类似地，单氟甲基化的和（苯磺酰基）二氟甲基化的甲醇在Ritter反应中显示出良好的反应性。由于乙酰胺可以被轻度地脱乙酰基而得到胺，因此本方法学为从简单的羰基化合物开始同时合成含二氟甲基和单氟甲基的胺提供了一种方便的方法。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.07.079
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2'-溴-4-氯苯乙酮 在 potassium fluoride 、 sodium tetrahydroborate 、 zinc(II) fluoride 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 生成 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-fluoroethanol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis of Enantiopure Fluorohydrins Using Alcohol Dehydrogenases at High Substrate Concentrations

  摘要：

  The use of purified and overexpressed alcohol dehydrogenases to synthesize enantiopure fluorinated alcohols is shown. When the bioreductions were performed with ADH-A from Rhodococcus ruber overexpressed in E. coli, no external cofactor was necessary to obtain the enantiopure (R)-derivatives. Employing Lactobacillus brevis ADH, it was possible to achieve the synthesis of enantiopure (S)-fluorohydrins at a 0.5 M substrate concentration. Furthermore, due to the activated character of these substrates, a huge excess of the hydrogen donor was not necessary.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo400962c

文献信息

• Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular fluoroesterification of styrenes: exploration and mechanistic insight
  作者：Haihui Peng、Zheliang Yuan、Hao-yang Wang、Yin-long Guo、Guosheng Liu

  DOI：10.1039/c3sc50690h

  日期：——

  A novel palladium-catalyzed intermolecular oxidative fluoroesterification of vinylarenes has been developed using NFSI, one of the mildest electrophilic fluorinating reagents. The reaction presents an efficient synthetic pathway to afford a series of α-monofluoromethylbenzyl carboxylates in good to excellent yields. Rather than following an electrophilic fluorination pathway, the reaction is initiated through oxidation of Pd(0) to a Pd(II) fluoride complex by NFSI, followed by fluoropalladation of a styrene to generate an α-monofluoromethylbenzyl–Pd intermediate. Generally, reductive elimination of benzyl–PdII complexes is favored with relatively strong oxy-nucleophiles to afford C–O bonds. This reaction, however, exhibited the opposite reactivity: strong acids with weak nucleophilicity, such as CF3CO2H and CCl3CO2H, were prone to afford the fluoroesterification product, while weak acids with strong nucleophilicity, such as HOAc and BzOH, did not deliver the C–O bond product. Further mechanistic studies determined that Csp3–Pd(O2CR), a key intermediate, was generated through ionic ligand exchange between benzyl–Pd(NZ2) and CF3CO2H, and the final C–O bond was possibly formed through reductive elimination of a high-valent Csp3–Pd(O2CR) complex via an SN2-type nucleophilic attack pathway.

  一种新型钯催化的乙烯基芳烃分子间氧化性氟酯化反应已被开发，使用的试剂是NFSI，即一种最温和的亲电氟化试剂。该反应提供了一条高效的合成途径，能够以良好至优异的产率获得一系列α-单氟甲基苄基羧酸酯。反应并非遵循亲电氟化途径，而是通过NFSI将Pd(0)氧化为Pd(II)氟化物配合物，随后进行氟钯化作用于苯乙烯生成α-单氟甲基苄基-Pd中间体。通常情况下，与相对较强的氧亲核试剂反应有利于实现苄基-PdII配合物的还原消除，从而形成C-O键。然而，在此反应中表现出了相反的反应性：易与强酸（弱亲核性）如CF3CO2H和CCI3CO2H形成氟酯化产物，而与强亲核性弱酸如HOAc和BzOH则无法形成C-O键产物。进一步的机理研究表明，关键中间体Csp3-Pd(O2CR)是通过苄基-Pd(NZ2)与CF3CO2H之间的离子配体交换生成的，最终的C-O键很可能是通过高氧化态Csp3-Pd(O2CR)配合物的还原消除形成的，该过程可能涉及SN2型亲核攻击路径。
• Exploiting a “Beast” in Carbenoid Chemistry: Development of a Straightforward Direct Nucleophilic Fluoromethylation Strategy
  作者：Giovanna Parisi、Marco Colella、Serena Monticelli、Giuseppe Romanazzi、Wolfgang Holzer、Thierry Langer、Leonardo Degennaro、Vittorio Pace、Renzo Luisi

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.7b07891

  日期：2017.10.4

  The first direct and straightforward nucleophilic fluoromethylation of organic compounds is reported. The tactic employs a "fleeting" lithium fluorocarbenoid (LiCH2F) generated from commercially available fluoroiodomethane. Precise reaction conditions were developed for the generation and synthetic exploitation of such a labile species. The versatility of the strategy is showcased in ca. 50 examples involving a plethora of electrophiles. Highly valuable chemicals such as fluoroalcohols, fluoroamines, and fluoromethylated oxygenated heterocycles could: be prepared in very good yields through a single synthetic operation. The scalability of the reaction and its application to complex molecular architectures (e.g., steroids) are documented.
• Methyl-fluorinated Methyldiarylcarbinols and Related Compounds
  作者：Ernst D. Bergmann、P. Moses、M. Neeman、S. Cohen、A. Kaluszyner、S. Reuter

  DOI：10.1021/ja01572a051

  日期：1957.8
• Stavber, Stojan; Pecan, Tjasa Sotler; Zupan, Marko, Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions II, 2000, # 6, p. 1141 - 1146
  作者：Stavber, Stojan、Pecan, Tjasa Sotler、Zupan, Marko

  DOI：——

  日期：——