Bleomycin mimics. Design and synthesis of an acridine derivative which cleaves DNA in a sequence-neutral manner
作者:Mark Searcey、Siobhán McClean、Bernie Madden、Laurence P. G. Wakelin
DOI:10.1039/a606218k
日期:——
Bleomycin 1 is a clinically used anticancer drug that
cleaves DNA at guanine–pyrimidine dinucleotides by a
free-radical mechanism. The compound FTP1 2 was designed as a
bleomycin mimic to cleave DNA in a non-sequence selective manner.
Compound 2 may provide a route to novel, chemically simple,
bleomycin analogues that also have potential as new DNA
footprinting agents. FTP1 2 was synthesised from chelidamic acid,
1,3-phenylenediamine and 9-chloroacridine. An untargeted agent
8 was also made. Compound 2 cleaves DNA in a relatively
non-sequence selective manner although a number of hotspots of
similar sequence were found. It has a 20-fold higher cutting
activity than the untargeted agent 8 and has been used to
footprint two antibiotics, actinomycin D 9 and a minor groove
binder, distamycin A 10. It gives clear, well-defined footprints
which compare favourably with those reported by
MPE–FeII, DNase I and iron–EDTA and is a
useful addition to the range of footprinting agents. Its
cytotoxicity against human colon carcinoma cells in culture is
20 times lower than that of bleomycin although its ability to
cleave naked DNA is 10 000-fold less, suggesting that on
a mole-for-mole basis FTP1-induced DNA damage is more
biologically harmful.
博莱霉素 1 是一种临床常用的抗癌药物,可通过自由基机制在鸟嘌呤-嘧啶二核苷酸上裂解 DNA。化合物 FTP1 2 被设计为博莱霉素的模拟物,能以非序列选择性的方式裂解 DNA。 化合物 2 可能为新型、化学性质简单的博莱霉素类似物提供了一条途径,这些类似物也有可能成为新的 DNA 标记剂。FTP1 2 是由二甲氨基甲酸、1,3-苯二胺和 9-氯吖啶合成的。此外还制备了一种非靶向制剂 8。化合物 2 以相对非序列选择性的方式切割 DNA,尽管发现了一些序列相似的热点。它的切割活性比非靶向药剂 8 高 20 倍,已被用于标记两种抗生素--放线菌素 D 9 和小沟粘合剂--地霉素 A 10。与 MPE-FeII、DNase I 和铁-乙二胺四乙酸相比,它能提供清晰明确的足迹,是足迹制剂系列的有益补充。它对培养中的人类结肠癌细胞的细胞毒性比博莱霉素低 20 倍,但其裂解裸 DNA 的能力却比博莱霉素低 10 000 倍,这表明按摩尔比摩尔计算,FTP1 诱导的 DNA 损伤更具生物危害性。