(Z)-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile | 74254-17-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: (Z)-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile
• 英文别名: (Z)-4-(but-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile；(Z)-1-(4-cyanophenyl)prop-1-ene；4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile；cis-p-(1-propenyl)-benzonitril；4-[(Z)-prop-1-enyl]benzonitrile
• CAS: 74254-17-4
• 化学式: C₁₀H₉N
• 分子量: 143.188
• InChiKey: DTFJDKQVJTWWAB-IHWYPQMZSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.6
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.1
• 拓扑面积：
  23.8
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (E)-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile 以 正己烷 为溶剂， 生成 (Z)-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)benzonitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Singlet State Cis,Trans Photoisomerization and Intersystem Crossing of 1-Arylpropenes

  摘要：

  The temperature dependence of the singlet state lifetime and photoisomerization and fluorescence quantum yields for trans- and cis-1-phenylpropene have been determined in hexane solution. Calculated barriers for twisting about the double bond on the singlet potential energy surface are 8.8 and 4.6 kcal/mol for the trans and cis isomer, respectively. The barrier for the trans isomer is sufficiently high to prevent isomerization on the singlet state surface at or below room temperature. However, isomerization occurs at low temperatures as a consequence of intersystem crossing to the triplet state, which undergoes barrierless isomerization. The quantum yield for intersystem crossing, as determined by time-resolved photoacoustic calorimetry, is 0.60 +/- 0.03 and the rate constant for intersystem crossing is 4.7 x 10(7) s(-1). While internal conversion is not significant at or below room temperature, thermally activated internal conversion competes with singlet isomerization at high temperatures. The cis isomer undergoes isomerization predominantly via the singlet state at room temperature. Both electron-donating (p-methoxy) and electron-withdrawing (m- and p-cyano, p-carbomethoxy, and p-trifluormethyl) aromatic substituents are found to lower the barrier for singlet state isomerization. Increased solvent polarity (acetonitrile vs hexane) results in variable decreases in the barrier for singlet state isomerization. Photoisomerization of the p-cyano derivative at room temperature occurs predominantly via the triplet state in hexane solution and via the singlet state in acetonitrile solution. The effects of substituents and solvent are better correlated with the magnitude of the S-2-S-1 energy gap than the stability of either zwitterionic or biradical intermediates. Rate constants for intersystem crossing are, in most cases, not highly dependent upon aromatic substitution or solvent polarity.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00102a014

文献信息

• Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrocyanation of Vinylarenes Using Chiral Phosphine-Phosphite Ligands and TMS-CN as a Source of HCN
  作者：Anna Falk、Anna-Lena Göderz、Hans-Günther Schmalz

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201208082

  日期：2013.1.28

  Anti‐headache chemistry: In the presence of a tailored modular P,P ligand the nickel‐catalyzed addition of HCN, generated in situ from TMS‐CN, to styrene derivatives proceeds with an unprecedented level of stereocontrol (up to 97 % ee) to give 2‐aryl‐acetonitriles, for example, the depicted precursor of Ibuprofen.

  抗头痛药的化学性质：在存在定制的模块化P，P配体的情况下，由TMS-CN原位生成的镍催化的HCN加到苯乙烯衍生物中，其立体控制水平达到前所未有的水平（ee高达97％  ）给出2-芳基乙腈，例如所示的布洛芬前体。
• Shifting Chemical Equilibria in Flow-Efficient Decarbonylation Driven by Annular Flow Regimes
  作者：Bernhard Gutmann、Petteri Elsner、Toma Glasnov、Dominique M. Roberge、C. Oliver Kappe

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201407219

  日期：2014.10.20

  chemical reactions, it is often necessary to influence an equilibrium by removing one or more components from the reaction space. Such manipulation is straightforward in open systems, for example, by distillation of a volatile product from the reaction mixture. Herein we describe a unique high‐temperature/high‐pressure gas/liquid continuous‐flow process for the rhodium‐catalyzed decarbonylation of

  为了有效地驱动化学反应，通常需要通过从反应空间中除去一种或多种组分来影响平衡。这样的操作在开放系统中是直接的，例如通过蒸馏反应混合物中的挥发性产物。在本文中，我们描述了铑催化醛的脱羰作用的独特的高温/高压气/液连续流工艺。反应期间释放的一氧化碳与惰性气体流一起通过管道的中心，而液体进料则以环形薄膜的形式沿通道壁行进。结果，一氧化碳有效地从液相蒸发成气相，并从反应混合物中汽提，因此推动了产物的平衡并防止了催化剂中毒。通过标准的基于盘管的流量装置，该方法可实现多种醛的催化脱羰，效率空前。
• A Stereoconvergent Cyclopropanation Reaction of Styrenes
  作者：Ana M. del Hoyo、Ana G. Herraiz、Marcos G. Suero

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201610924

  日期：2017.2

  The first stereoconvergent cyclopropanation reaction by means of photoredox catalysis using diiodomethane as the methylene source is described. This transformation exhibits broad functional group tolerance and it is characterized by an excellent stereocontrol en route to trans‐cyclopropanes regardless of whether E‐ or Z‐styrene substrates were utilized.

  描述了通过使用二碘甲烷作为亚甲基源的光氧化还原催化进行的第一立体会聚环丙烷化反应。这种转化表现出宽泛的官能团耐受性，并且无论在使用E-或Z-苯乙烯底物方面，其特征都是出色的立体控制方式，从而可以有效地转化为反式环丙烷。
• Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions between Alkenylboronic Acids and Aryl Bromides Catalysed by a Tetraphosphane-Palladium Catalyst
  作者：Eugénie Peyroux、Florian Berthiol、Henri Doucet、Maurice Santelli

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.200300627

  日期：2004.3

  A range of alkenylboronic acids undergo Suzuki cross-coupling with aryl bromides in good yields in the presence of [PdCl(C3H5)]2/cis,cis,cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis[(diphenylphosphanyl)methyl]cyclopentane as a catalyst. A wide variety of 1-arylprop-1-enes, 2-arylprop-1-enes, 2-arylbut-1-enes and 1,1-diarylethylene or styrene derivatives have been prepared. Moreover, the reaction tolerates several functions

  在 [PdCl(C3H5)]2/cis,cis,cis-1,2,3,4-四[​​(二苯基膦基)甲基]环戊烷存在下，一系列烯基硼酸与芳基溴化物以良好的收率进行 Suzuki 交叉偶联作为催化剂。已经制备了多种 1-芳基丙-1-烯、2-芳基丙-1-烯、2-芳基丁-1-烯和1,1-二芳基乙烯或苯乙烯衍生物。此外，该反应耐受多种功能，例如乙酰基、甲酰基、腈或硝基。此外，这种催化剂可以在低负载下使用，甚至用于空间位阻底物的反应。(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
• One-Pot Synthesis of Styrene Derivatives from Allyl Silanes via B(C₆F₅)₃-Catalyzed Isomerization–Hiyama Coupling
  作者：Betty A. Kustiana、Rebecca L. Melen、Louis C. Morrill

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03584

  日期：2022.12.2

  isomerization of readily accessible allyl silanes and subsequent Hiyama coupling of the versatile alkenyl silane intermediates. This one-pot, two-step approach enables access to a broad range of styrene derivatives, including those containing Lewis basic functional groups, that cannot be accessed via the previously developed B(C6F5)3-catalyzed isomerization of allyl benzenes.

  在此，我们报告了一种通过新型 B(C 6 F 5 ) 3催化的易得烯丙基硅烷的E选择性异构化和随后多功能烯基硅烷中间体的 Hiyama 偶联来一锅法合成苯乙烯衍生物。这种一锅两步的方法能够获得范围广泛的苯乙烯衍生物，包括那些含有路易斯碱性官能团的苯乙烯衍生物，而这些衍生物无法通过先前开发的 B(C 6 F 5 ) 3催化的烯丙基苯异构化获得。