The present invention relates to indole and indazole compounds of Formula (I)
that activate 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for treating or preventing diseases, conditions, or disorders ameliorated by activation of AMPK.
Discovery and Preclinical Characterization of 6-Chloro-5-[4-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)phenyl]-1<i>H</i>-indole-3-carboxylic Acid (PF-06409577), a Direct Activator of Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK), for the Potential Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
作者:Kimberly O. Cameron、Daniel W. Kung、Amit S. Kalgutkar、Ravi G. Kurumbail、Russell Miller、Christopher T. Salatto、Jessica Ward、Jane M. Withka、Samit K. Bhattacharya、Markus Boehm、Kris A. Borzilleri、Janice A. Brown、Matthew Calabrese、Nicole L. Caspers、Emily Cokorinos、Edward L. Conn、Matthew S. Dowling、David J. Edmonds、Heather Eng、Dilinie P. Fernando、Richard Frisbie、David Hepworth、James Landro、Yuxia Mao、Francis Rajamohan、Allan R. Reyes、Colin R. Rose、Tim Ryder、Andre Shavnya、Aaron C. Smith、Meihua Tu、Angela C. Wolford、Jun Xiao
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00866
日期:2016.9.8
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a protein kinase involved in maintaining energy homeostasis within cells. Oh the basis of human genetic association data, AMPK activators were pursued for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Identification of an indazole amide high throughput screening (HTS) hit followed by truncation to its minimal pharmacophore provided an indazole acid lead compound. Optimization of the core and aryl appendage improved oral absorption and culminated in the identification of indole acid, PF-06409577 (7). Compound 7 was advanced to first-in-human trial for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Evolution of the Synthesis of AMPK Activators for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy: From Three Preclinical Candidates to the Investigational New Drug PF-06409577
作者:Aaron C. Smith、Daniel W. Kung、Andre Shavnya、Thomas A. Brandt、Philip D. Dent、Nathan E. Genung、Shawn Cabral、Jane Panteleev、Michael Herr、Ka Ning Yip、Gary E. Aspnes、Edward L. Conn、Matthew S. Dowling、David J. Edmonds、Ian D. Edmonds、Dilinie P. Fernando、Paul M. Herrinton、Nandell F. Keene、Sophie Y. Lavergne、Qifang Li、Jana Polivkova、Colin R. Rose、Benjamin A. Thuma、Michael G. Vetelino、Guoqiang Wang、John D. Weaver、Daniel W. Widlicka、Kristin E. Price Wiglesworth、Jun Xiao、Todd Zahn、Yingxin Zhang
DOI:10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00059
日期:2018.6.15
Compounds 1–3 were scaled to supply material for preclinical studies, and indole 3 was selected for advancement to first-in-human clinical trials and scaled to kilogram quantities. The progression of the synthesis strategy for these AMPK activators is described, as routes were selected for efficient structure–activity relationship generation and then improved for larger scales. The developed sequences employed