Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Indole Biphenylcarboxylic Acids as PPARγ Antagonists
摘要:
The thiazolidinediones (TZD) typified by rosiglitazone are the only approved therapeutics targeting PPAR gamma for the treatment of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Unfortunately, despite robust insulin sensitizing properties, they are accompanied by a number of severe side effects including congestive heart failure, edema, weight gain, and osteoporosis. We recently identified PPAR gamma antagonists that bind reversibly with high affinity but do not induce transactivation of the receptor, yet they act as insulin sensitizers in mouse models of diabetes (SR1664).(1) This Letter details our synthetic exploration around this novel series of PPAR gamma antagonists based on an N-biphenylmethylindole scaffold. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of compound 46 as a high affinity PPAR gamma antagonist that exhibits antidiabetic properties following oral administration in diet-induced obese mice.
Compounds of formula (I) are disclosed, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and the use of the compounds as pharmaceuticals. There are also provided chemical intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds. The compounds are useful as pharmaceuticals, especially for the treatment of inflammatory disease.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Indole Biphenylcarboxylic Acids as PPARγ Antagonists
作者:Alice Asteian、Anne-Laure Blayo、Yuanjun He、Marcel Koenig、Youseung Shin、Dana S. Kuruvilla、Cesar A. Corzo、Michael D. Cameron、Li Lin、Claudia Ruiz、Susan Khan、Naresh Kumar、Scott Busby、David P. Marciano、Ruben D. Garcia-Ordonez、Patrick R. Griffin、Theodore M. Kamenecka
DOI:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00218
日期:2015.9.10
The thiazolidinediones (TZD) typified by rosiglitazone are the only approved therapeutics targeting PPAR gamma for the treatment of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Unfortunately, despite robust insulin sensitizing properties, they are accompanied by a number of severe side effects including congestive heart failure, edema, weight gain, and osteoporosis. We recently identified PPAR gamma antagonists that bind reversibly with high affinity but do not induce transactivation of the receptor, yet they act as insulin sensitizers in mouse models of diabetes (SR1664).(1) This Letter details our synthetic exploration around this novel series of PPAR gamma antagonists based on an N-biphenylmethylindole scaffold. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of compound 46 as a high affinity PPAR gamma antagonist that exhibits antidiabetic properties following oral administration in diet-induced obese mice.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Tris-Benzamides as α-Helix Mimetics
作者:Tae-Kyung Lee、Jung-Mo Ahn
DOI:10.1021/co100056c
日期:2011.3.14
use helical structures at the interface. With a goal of generating libraries of α-helixmimetics, an efficient solid-phase synthetic method was developed to produce tris-benzamides. The tris-benzamide scaffold was designed to place three side-chain functional groups found at the i, i + 4, and i + 7 positions of an α-helix, emulating one helical face. The synthetic strategy involves simple and iterative