Electrochemical and peroxidase oxidation study of N′-Hydroxyguanidine derivatives as NO donors
摘要:
The electrochemical properties of a series of N-substituted-N-hydroxyguanidines were studied. Two oxidation potentials of each compound were obtained by cyclic voltammetry. The E-ox1 values were from 0.51 to 0.62V, while the E-ox2 Values were from 1.14 to 1.81V in acetonitrile solution. Next, their enzymatic controlled NO release abilities were evaluated. All N'-hydroxyguanidines exhibited efficient NO release abilities under the oxidation by horseradish peroxidase in the presence Of H2O2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Electrochemical and peroxidase oxidation study of N′-Hydroxyguanidine derivatives as NO donors
摘要:
The electrochemical properties of a series of N-substituted-N-hydroxyguanidines were studied. Two oxidation potentials of each compound were obtained by cyclic voltammetry. The E-ox1 values were from 0.51 to 0.62V, while the E-ox2 Values were from 1.14 to 1.81V in acetonitrile solution. Next, their enzymatic controlled NO release abilities were evaluated. All N'-hydroxyguanidines exhibited efficient NO release abilities under the oxidation by horseradish peroxidase in the presence Of H2O2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Nano Cerium Oxide as a Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of <i>N</i>-Monosubstituted Ureas with the Aid of Acetaldoxime as an effective Water Surrogate
作者:S. Mohammad Sajadi、Mehdi Maham
DOI:10.3184/174751913x13787959859461
日期:2013.10
A new method for the synthesis of N-monosubstituted ureas has been developed by the reaction of cyanamides with acetaldoxime in the presence of nano cerium oxide as an efficient and recyclable catalyst.
An unprecedented copper and in situ-generated triflic acid relay-promoted four-component cascade reaction of cyanamides, diaryliodonium triflates, propargylic amines, and H2O was established for rapid and concise construction of diverse five-membered cycloguanidines. Copper-catalyzed guanidination/intramolecular hydroamination and in situ-generated HOTf-accelerated hydration proceeded sequentially
作者:Ming Xian、Noriko Fujiwara、Zhong Wen、Tingwei Cai、Satoshi Kazuma、Adam J Janczuk、Xiaoping Tang、Vladislav V Telyatnikov、Yingxin Zhang、Xinchao Chen、Yasuhide Miyamoto、Naoyuki Taniguchi、Peng George Wang
DOI:10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00155-4
日期:2002.9
Enzymatic generation of nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) consists of two oxidation steps. The first step converts L-arginine to N-G-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), a key intermediate, and the second step converts NOHA to NO and L-citrulline. To fully probe the substrate specificity of the second enzymatic step, an extensive structural screening was carried out using a series of N-alkyl (and N-aryl) substituted-N'-hydrosyguanidines (1-14). Among the eleven N-alkyl-N'-hydroxyguanidines evaluated, N-n-propyl (2). N-iso-propyl (3). N-n-butyl (4). N-s-butyl (5). N-iso-butyl (6), N-pentyl (8) and N-iso-pentyl (9) derivatives were efficiently oxidized by the three isoenzymes of NOS (nNOS, iNOS and eNOS) to generate NO. N-Butyl-N'-hydroxyguanidine (4) was the best substrate for iNOS (K-m = 33 muM) and N-iso-propyl-N'-hydroxyguanidine (3) was the best substrate for nNOS (K-m = 56 muM). When the alkyl substituents were too small (such as ethyl 1) or too large (such as hexyl 10 and cyclohexyl 11) the activity decreased significantly. This suggests that the van der Waals interaction between the alkyl group and the hydrophobic cavity in the NOS active site contributes significantly to the relative reactivity of compounds 3-11. Moreover, five N-aryl-N'-hydroxyguanidines were found to be good substrates for iNOS. but not substrates for eNOS and nNOS. N-phenyl-N'-hydroxy- guanidine was the best substrate among them (K-m = 243 muM). This work demonstrates that N-alkyl substituted hydroxyguanidine compounds are novel NOS substrates which 'short-circuit' the first oxidation step of NOS, and N-aryl substituted hydroxyguanidine compounds are isoform selective NOS substrate. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.