Picosecond radical kinetics. Rate constants for ring openings of 2-aryl-substituted cyclopropylcarbinyl radicals
摘要:
The kinetics of ring openings of a series of eight (trans-2-arylcyclopropyl)methyl radicals (1) were studied by indirect kinetic methods using Barton's PTOC esters as radical precursors and reaction with PhSeH as the competition reaction. The substituents were CF3, F, Me, and OMe located on both the para and meta positions of the aromatic ring. Syntheses of the radical precursors and the products of the radical reactions are described. Kinetics were determined between -43 and 25 degrees C in four cases (CF, and OMe substituents) and at 0 and 25 degrees C in the other four cases. The rate constants at 25 degrees C ranged from 1.0 x 10(11) s(-1) (p-CH3) to 4.1 x 10(11) s(-1) (p-CF,). The relatively large acceleration of the p-CF3 group, ca. 2.5 times as fast as the parent system with Ar = Ph, correlates well with Adam's Delta D substituent parameters but not with other radical substituent parameters. These calibrated radical rearrangements provide a new set of ultrafast reactions that can be applied in mechanistic probe studies.
New Prolyl Endopeptidase Inhibitors: <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> Activities of Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, Azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, and Perhydroindole Derivatives
作者:Bernard Portevin、Alain Benoist、Georges Rémond、Yolande Hervé、Michel Vincent、Jean Lepagnol、Guillaume De Nanteuil
DOI:10.1021/jm950858c
日期:1996.1.1
nM (compounds 24 and 25). Modulation of the side chain by replacement of the terminal phenyl ring by the dicyclopropyl moiety afforded derivatives 30 and 32 with improved potencies (IC50 between 10 and 20 nM). Furthermore, replacing the linear 4-phenylbutanoyl side chain by the (2-phenylcyclopropyl)carbonyl entity provided potent inhibitors with IC50 culminating at 0.9 nM on a rat cortex enzymatic preparation
DPP-IV. The structure-activity relationships (SAR) led to the discovery of novel series of DPP-IV inhibitors, having IC50 values of <100 nM with excellent selectivity over the closely related enzymes, DPP8, DPP-II and FAP. The studies identified a potent and selective DPP-IV inhibitor 24b, which exhibited the ability to both significantly inhibit plasma DPP-IV activity in rats and improve glucose tolerance
The present invention relates to compounds useful in the modulation of potassium channel activity in cells, in particular the activity of Kv1.3 channels found in T cells. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds in the treatment or prevention of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for their preparation.
Selective 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2C Receptor Agonists Derived from the Lead Compound Tranylcypromine: Identification of Drugs with Antidepressant-Like Action
作者:Sung Jin Cho、Niels H. Jensen、Toru Kurome、Sudhakar Kadari、Michael L. Manzano、Jessica E. Malberg、Barbara Caldarone、Bryan L. Roth、Alan P. Kozikowski
DOI:10.1021/jm801354e
日期:2009.4.9
We report here the design, synthesis, and pharmacological properties of a series of compounds related to tranylcypromine (9), which itself was discovered as a lead compound in a high-throughput screening campaign. Starting from 9, which shows modest activity as a 5-HT2C agonist, a series of 1-aminomethyl-2-phenylcyclopropanes was investigated as 5-HT2C agonists through iterative structural modifications. Key pharmacophore feature of this new class of ligands is a 2-aminomethyl-trans-cyclopropyl side chain attached to a substituted benzene ring. Among the tested compounds, several were potent and efficacious 5-HT2C receptor agonists with selectivity over both 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors in functional assays. The most promising compound is 37, with 120- and 14-fold selectivity over 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B, respectively (EC50 = 585, 65, and 4.8 nM at the 2A, 2B, and 2C subtypes, respectively). In animal studies, compound 37 (10-60 mg/kg) decreased immobility time in the mouse forced swim test.
1-PHENYL-SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLYL DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS PROSTAGLANDIN D2 RECEPTOR MODULATORS