The present invention relates to novel Ruthenium catalysts and related borohydride complexes, and the use of such catalysts, inter alia, for (1) hydrogenation of amides (including polyamides) to alcohols and amines; (2) preparing amides from alcohols with amines (including the preparation of polyamides (e.g., polypeptides) by reacting dialcohols and diamines and/or by polymerization of amino alcohols); (3) hydrogenation of esters to alcohols (including hydrogenation of cyclic esters (lactones) or cyclic di-esters (di-lactones) or polyesters); (4) hydrogenation of organic carbonates (including polycarbonates) to alcohols and hydrogenation of carbamates (including polycarbamates) or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; (5) dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols to esters; (6) hydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones; (7) amidation of esters (i.e., synthesis of amides from esters and amines); (8) acylation of alcohols using esters; (9) coupling of alcohols with water to form carboxylic acids; and (10) dehydrogenation of beta-amino alcohols to form pyrazines. The present invention further relates to the novel uses of certain pyridine Ruthenium catalysts.
本发明涉及新型
钌催化剂和相关
硼氢化物配合物,以及使用这些催化剂,包括:(1)将酰胺(包括聚酰胺)加氢为醇和胺;(2)用胺从醇制备酰胺(包括通过二元醇和二胺反应或
氨基醇聚合制备聚酰胺(例如聚肽));(3)将酯加氢为醇(包括环酯(内酯)或环二酯(二内酯)或聚酯的加氢);(4)将有机
碳酸酯(包括聚
碳酸酯)加氢为醇和将
氨基甲酸酯(包括聚
氨基甲酸酯)或
脲衍
生物加氢为醇和胺;(5)醇的脱氢缩合成酯;(6)将二级醇加氢为酮;(7)酯的酰胺化(即从酯和胺合成酰胺);(8)使用酯对醇进行酰化;(9)将醇与
水偶联形成
羧酸;以及(10)β-
氨基醇的脱氢缩合形成
吡嗪的新用途。本发明还涉及某些
吡啶基
钌催化剂的新用途。