4-{3-[4-(3-amino-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl}-pentanoic acid methyl ester | 873796-85-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: 4-{3-[4-(3-amino-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl}-pentanoic acid methyl ester
• CAS: 873796-85-1
• 化学式: C₄₉H₈₂N₂O₇
• 分子量: 811.199
• InChiKey: JNFHJPBKKDIRDJ-JFSCZXOWSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  7.01
• 重原子数：
  58.0
• 可旋转键数：
  9.0
• 环数：
  8.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.96
• 拓扑面积：
  162.34
• 氢给体数：
  6.0
• 氢受体数：
  8.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4-{3-[4-(3-amino-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl}-pentanoic acid methyl ester 、 在 (benzotriazo-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 以86%的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Oligomeric Cholates:  Amphiphilic Foldamers with Nanometer-Sized Hydrophilic Cavities

  摘要：

  The hydroxyl at the C-3 of cholic acid was converted to an amino group, and the resulting aminofunctionalized cholic acid was used as a monomer to prepare amide-linked oligomeric cholates. These cholate oligomers fold into helical structures with nanometer-sized hydrophilic internal cavities in solvent mixtures consisting of mostly nonpolar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride or ethyl acetate/hexane and 2-5% of a polar solvent such as methanol or DMSO. The conformations of the foldamers; were studied by UV, fluorescence, fluorescence quenching, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The nature of the polar/nonpolar solvents and their miscibility strongly influenced the folding reaction. Folding was cooperative, as evidenced by the sigmoidal curves in solvent denaturation experiments. The folded conformers became more stable with an increase in the chain length. The folding/unfolding equilibrium was highly sensitive toward the amount of polar solvent. One percent variation in the solvent composition could change the folding free energies by 0.5-1.4 kcal/mol.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja056151p
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3α-azido-7α,12α-dihydroxy-5β-cholanic acid 在 水 、 (benzotriazo-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 、 三苯基膦 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 生成 4-{3-[4-(3-amino-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]-7,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl}-pentanoic acid methyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Oligomeric Cholates:  Amphiphilic Foldamers with Nanometer-Sized Hydrophilic Cavities

  摘要：

  The hydroxyl at the C-3 of cholic acid was converted to an amino group, and the resulting aminofunctionalized cholic acid was used as a monomer to prepare amide-linked oligomeric cholates. These cholate oligomers fold into helical structures with nanometer-sized hydrophilic internal cavities in solvent mixtures consisting of mostly nonpolar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride or ethyl acetate/hexane and 2-5% of a polar solvent such as methanol or DMSO. The conformations of the foldamers; were studied by UV, fluorescence, fluorescence quenching, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The nature of the polar/nonpolar solvents and their miscibility strongly influenced the folding reaction. Folding was cooperative, as evidenced by the sigmoidal curves in solvent denaturation experiments. The folded conformers became more stable with an increase in the chain length. The folding/unfolding equilibrium was highly sensitive toward the amount of polar solvent. One percent variation in the solvent composition could change the folding free energies by 0.5-1.4 kcal/mol.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja056151p

文献信息

• Aromatically Functionalized Cyclic Tricholate Macrocycles: Aggregation, Transmembrane Pore Formation, Flexibility, and Cooperativity
  作者：Lakmini Widanapathirana、Yan Zhao

  DOI：10.1021/jo3004056

  日期：2012.5.18

  The aggregation of macrocyclic oligocholates with introverted hydrophilic groups and aromatic side chains was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and liposome leakage assays. Comparison between the solution and the membrane phase afforded insight into the solvophobically driven aggregation. The macrocycles stacked over one another in lipid membranes to form transmembrane nanopores, driven by a strong tendency of the water molecules in the interior of the amphiphilic macrocycles to aggregate in a nonpolar environment. The aromatic side chains provided spectroscopic signatures for stacking, as well as additional driving force for the aggregation. Smaller, more rigid macrocycles stacked better than larger, more flexible ones because the cholate building blocks in the latter could rotate outward and diminish the conformation needed for the water-templated hydrophobic stacking. The acceptor acceptor interactions among naphthalenediimide (NDI) groups were more effective than the pyrene NDI donor acceptor interactions in promoting the transmembrane pore formation of the oligocholate macrocycles.
• Water-Templated Transmembrane Nanopores from Shape-Persistent Oligocholate Macrocycles
  作者：Hongkwan Cho、Lakmini Widanapathirana、Yan Zhao

  DOI：10.1021/ja109036z

  日期：2011.1.12

  Hydrophobic interactions normally are not considered a major driving force for self-assembling in a hydrophobic environment. When macrocyclic oligocholates were placed within lipid membranes, however, the macrocycles pulled water molecules from the aqueous phase into their hydrophilic internal cavities. These water molecules had strong tendencies to aggregate in a hydrophobic environment and templated the macrocycles to self-assemble into transmembrane nanopores. This counterintuitive hydrophobic effect resulted in some highly unusual transport behavior. Cholesterol normally increases the hydrophobicity of lipid membranes and makes them less permeable to hydrophilic molecules. The permeability of glucose across the oligocholate-containing membranes, however, increased significantly upon the inclusion of cholesterol. Large hydrophilic molecules tend to have difficulty traversing a hydrophobic barrier. The cyclic cholate tetramer, however, was more effective at permeating maltotriose than glucose.
• Spacer-Dependent Folding and Aggregation of Oligocholates in SDS Micelles
  作者：Yan Zhao

  DOI：10.1021/jo901651h

  日期：2009.10.2

  Insertion of flexible, 4-aminobutyroyl spacers in between the cholate repeat units had been found previously to enhance the folding of cholate oligomers in homogeneous solution (Zhao, Y.J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 834-843). The opposite effect was observed when the oligomers were solubilized in aqueous solutions of sodium dodecyl Sulfate (SIDS), The spacers enabled Formation of tight aggregates of the oligocholates in SDS solutions when the surfactant was below its critical micelle concentration (CMC). Above the CMC, SDS micelles formed and dissociated the oligocholate aggregates. The parent oligocholates (without spacers in between the repeat units) also aggregated when they were too short to fold (e.g., dimer). The longer tetramer and hexamer preferred to fold, as their rigid, awkwardly shaped backbones prevented tight packing needed in the formation of stable aggregates. Folding was favored both below and above the CMC of SDS and was enhanced by an increase in the chain length.
• Environmental Effects Dominate the Folding of Oligocholates in Solution, Surfactant Micelles, and Lipid Membranes
  作者：Hongkwan Cho、Yan Zhao

  DOI：10.1021/ja103694p

  日期：2010.7.21

  Oligocholate foldamers with different numbers and locations of guanidinium-carboxylate salt bridges were synthesized. The salt bridges were introduced by incorporating arginine and glutamic acid residues into the foldamer sequence. The conformations of these foldamers were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy in homogeneous solution, anionic and nonionic micelles, and lipid bilayers. Environmental effects instead of inherent foldability were found to dominate the folding. As different noncovalent forces become involved in the conformations of the molecules, the best folder in one environment could turn into the worst in another. Preferential solvation was the main driving force for the folding of oligocholates in solution. The molecules behaved very differently in micelles and lipid bilayers, with the most critical factors controlling the folding-unfolding equilibrium being the solvation of ionic groups and the abilities of the surfactants/lipids to compete for the salt bridge. Because of their ability to fold into helices with a nonpolar exterior and a polar interior, the oligocholates could transport large hydrophilic molecules such as carboxyfluorescein across lipid bilayers. Both the conformational properties of the oligocholates and their binding with the guest were important to the transport efficiency.