Functional Group Tolerant Kumada−Corriu−Tamao Coupling of Nonactivated Alkyl Halides with Aryl and Heteroaryl Nucleophiles: Catalysis by a Nickel Pincer Complex Permits the Coupling of Functionalized Grignard Reagents
作者:Oleg Vechorkin、Valérie Proust、Xile Hu
DOI:10.1021/ja9027378
日期:2009.7.22
A nickel(II) pincer complex [((Me)NN(2))NiCl] (1) catalyzes Kumada-Corriu-Tamao cross coupling of nonactivated alkyl halides with aryl and heteroaryl Grignard reagents. The coupling of octyl bromide with phenylmagnesium chloride was used as a test reaction. Using 3 mol % of 1 as the precatalyst and THF as the solvent, and in the presence of a catalytic amount of TMEDA, the coupling product was obtained
镍 (II) 钳形复合物 [((Me)NN(2))NiCl] (1) 催化未活化的卤代烷与芳基和杂芳基格氏试剂的 Kumada-Corriu-Tamao 交叉偶联。辛基溴与苯基氯化镁的偶联用作测试反应。以3mol%的1为预催化剂,THF为溶剂,在催化量的TMEDA存在下,以高收率得到偶联产物。该反应条件可用于其他伯和仲烷基溴化物和碘化物的交叉偶联。该偶联可耐受范围广泛的官能团。因此,将含有酯、酰胺、醚、硫醚、醇、吡咯、吲哚、呋喃、腈、共轭烯酮和芳基卤部分的卤代烷进行偶联,以得到高分离产率的产品,其中这些单元保持完整。对于含酯底物的偶联,O-TMEDA 是比 TMEDA 更好的添加剂。该反应方案被证明对于 Knochel 型官能化格氏试剂的偶联是有效的。因此,含有缺电子和/或敏感酯、腈、酰胺和 CF(3) 取代基的芳基格氏试剂可以成功地偶联到未活化和功能化的烷基碘。该催化还可以有效地将烷基碘