Reductions of Challenging Organic Substrates by a Nickel Complex of a Noninnocent Crown Carbene Ligand
摘要:
The first crown-tetracarbene complex of Ni(II) has been prepared, and its crystal structure determined. The complex can be reduced by Na/Hg, with an uptake of two electrons. The reduced complex reductively cleaves arenesulfonamides, including those derived from secondary aliphatic amines, and effects Birch reduction of anthracenes as well as reductive cleavage of stilbene oxides. Computational studies show that the orbital that receives electrons upon reduction of the complex 2 is predominantly based on the crown carbene ligand and also that the HOMO of the parent complex 2 is based on the ligand.
Purpose: To examine the inotropic and chronotropic effects of xenon (Xe) and nitrous oxide (N2O) compared with nitrogen (N-2) on isolated rat hearts. The differences between Xe and N2O were also compared.Methods: The effects of Xe, N2O and N-2 on coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and double product (DP) were examined in isolated rat hearts perfused at constant flow (10 mL.min(-1)). Following stabilization and baseline measurement with 95% O-2 (plus 5% CO2), the heart was exposed to buffer equilibrated with one of three test gases; 50% N-2 with 4596 O-2 (Group N-2: n=9),50% Xe with 45% O-2 (Group Xe: n=9), or 50% N2O with 45% O-2 (Group N2O: n=9) for 30 min. Measurements were performed in the last minute of exposure to the test gases.Results: Gas exposure in all three groups decreased O-2 delivery (-50%), CPP (-11%), LVDP (-30%) and DP (-44%) compared with baseline values (P < 0.001). However, there were no differences among the groups.Conclusion: Our data suggest that cardiac contractility was decreased by the effects of reduced O-2 delivery but both Xe and N2O did not cause further cardiac depressant effects compared to N-2 in this experimental model.
Metal-ammonia ring reduction of aromatic carboxylic acid esters
作者:Peter W. Rabideau、Donna M. Wetzel、D. Michael Young
DOI:10.1021/jo00183a014
日期:1984.5
RABIDEAU, P. W.;WETZEL, D. M.;YOUNG, D. M., J. ORG. CHEM., 1984, 49, N 9, 1544-1549
作者:RABIDEAU, P. W.、WETZEL, D. M.、YOUNG, D. M.
DOI:——
日期:——
Acheson et al., Journal of the Chemical Society, 1956, p. 698,703
作者:Acheson et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
Reductions of Challenging Organic Substrates by a Nickel Complex of a Noninnocent Crown Carbene Ligand
作者:Neil J. Findlay、Stuart R. Park、Franziska Schoenebeck、Elise Cahard、Sheng-ze Zhou、Leonard E. A. Berlouis、Mark D. Spicer、Tell Tuttle、John A. Murphy
DOI:10.1021/ja107703n
日期:2010.11.10
The first crown-tetracarbene complex of Ni(II) has been prepared, and its crystal structure determined. The complex can be reduced by Na/Hg, with an uptake of two electrons. The reduced complex reductively cleaves arenesulfonamides, including those derived from secondary aliphatic amines, and effects Birch reduction of anthracenes as well as reductive cleavage of stilbene oxides. Computational studies show that the orbital that receives electrons upon reduction of the complex 2 is predominantly based on the crown carbene ligand and also that the HOMO of the parent complex 2 is based on the ligand.