Stereoselective Synthesis of N,N‘-Diaryl-2,5-dioxopiperazines from Homochiral or Racemic 2-Bromopropananilides
摘要:
N,N'-Diaryl-2,5-dioxopiperazines 8 and 9, related to the amino acid alanine, are easily obtained by self-cyclocoupling of 2-bromopropananilides 7. The cis-(R,R) or cis-(S,S)/trans-(R,S) distribution is controlled, to varying extents, by starting either from a single enantiomer or racemate and by the promoter, aryl substituent, and solvent. H-1 NMR spectra of the members of six diastereomeric couples and X-ray structures of representative products are reported.
Bromine displacement by a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine, or methanol, in chiral nonracemic (S)-2-bromopropanamides 1 occurs with high yields and stereo selectivity. Soluble Ag+ promotes inversion, and solid Ag2O promotes retention of configuration. However, in the case of Et(3)N, Ag+ promotes retention. With the hindered 2-bromo-2-methylbutanamide 5, the displacement by a primary or secondary amine or methanol occurs only in the presence of Ag2O, possibly with retention of configuration.