Novel Chemical Synthesis of Ginkgolic Acid (13:0) and Evaluation of Its Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity
作者:Yuanqing Fu、Shan Hong、Duo Li、Songbai Liu
DOI:10.1021/jf4012642
日期:2013.6.5
A novel efficient synthesis of ginkgolic acid (13:0) from abundant 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid was successfully developed through a state-of-the-art palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and catalytic hydrogenation with an overall yield of 34% in five steps. The identity of the synthesized ginkgolic acid (13:0) was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, infrared, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The reaction sequence of this method can be readily extended to the synthesis of other ginkgolic acids. The synthesized ginkgolic acid (13:0) exhibited promising anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 2.8 mg/mL) that was not correlated to antioxidant activity as probed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ferric reducing ability of plasma, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. The synthetic strategy developed in this work will significantly facilitate biological studies of ginkgolic acids that have great potential applications in food and pharmaceuticals.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Ginkgolic Acid Derivatives as SUMOylation Inhibitors
作者:Christopher M. Brackett、Ana García-Casas、Sonia Castillo-Lluva、Brian S. J. Blagg
DOI:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00353
日期:2020.11.12
natural products have been shown to inhibit enzymes involved in the SUMOylation process, there has been little progress toward the development of more selective and potent SUMOylation inhibitors. Ginkgolic acid was one of the first natural products discovered to inhibit the SUMO E1 enzyme. Despite its use to mechanistically investigate the SUMOylation process, ginkgolic acid also modulates other pathways