Electrochemical Synthesis of Hindered Primary and Secondary Amines via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer
作者:Dan Lehnherr、Yu-hong Lam、Michael C. Nicastri、Jinchu Liu、Justin A. Newman、Erik L. Regalado、Daniel A. DiRocco、Tomislav Rovis
DOI:10.1021/jacs.9b10870
日期:2020.1.8
Accessing hindered amines, particularly primary amines α to a fully substituted carbon center, is synthetically challenging. We report an electrochemical method to access such hindered amines starting from benchtop-stable iminium salts and cyanoheteroarenes. A wide variety of substituted heterocycles (pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, purine, azaindole) can be utilized in the cross-coupling reaction
将受阻胺,特别是伯胺 α 连接到完全取代的碳中心,在合成上具有挑战性。我们报告了一种电化学方法,以从台式稳定的亚胺盐和氰基杂芳烃开始获取此类受阻胺。多种取代的杂环(吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、嘌呤、氮杂吲哚)可用于交叉偶联反应,包括被卤化物、三氟甲基、酯、酰胺或醚基团、杂环或未保护的杂环取代的杂环酒精或炔烃。基于 DFT 数据以及循环伏安法和 NMR 光谱的机理洞察表明,质子耦合电子转移机制作为 α-氨基自由基和源自氰基杂芳烃的自由基的杂双自由基交叉偶联的一部分是可操作的。