A series of amino-(type 3) as well as hydrazino-substituted quinoxalines (type 8) have been synthesized in order to study their ability to complex with iron(III) and zinc(II) ions. Cyclization of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline (1) with a bis-amidine 9 leads to ring-fused quinoxalines of type 10. One of these compounds (10a) forms a unique macrocyclic hexameric complex 14 with zinc ions in the presence of 2,6-diisopropyl phenolate. In an analogous manner, the monomeric complexes 12 and 13 could be synthesized. All of these new zinc complexes catalyze the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide with a high degree of selectivity in the resulting polymers.
Apparent alliances between moral campaigners and certain feminists in opposition to pornography have been the subject of discussion both in the United States and in Britain. Drawing on a wider study of the views of women in British moral and pro-family organisations, this article examines the attitudes of such women to pornography. It then compares these views with those of anti-pornography feminists, commenting in particular on the moral reasoning underlining different perspectives. Attention to moral reasoning, it is argued, helps to further explicate the charges of ‘alliance’ between the moral lobby and anti-pornography feminists, even where such alliance is neither sought or desired. The potential difficulties and uses of an assessment of pornography as ‘moral’ concern for the development of feminist ethics are then considered. Finally, the apparent willingness of moral lobby women to express support for anti-pornography feminists is examined. The article concludes by suggesting that this support reflects both complexities of gender identification amongst moral lobby women, and, crucially, power imbalances between anti-pornography feminists and the moral lobby rooted in the institutionalisation of heterosexuality. The implications of these findings for sociologists and for feminist theory and activism are outlined.
The cycloacylation of oxalic amidines 7 with bis-imidoylchlorides 6 furnished the dihydropyrazine derivatives 8. Due to their vicinal amino-imino substructures, they provide good preconditions for a double intramolecular ring closure reaction. An alternative synthesis for hexaaza-pentacenes 1 was developed using potassium carbonate as the base and lead tetraacetate as the oxidizing agent.