Structure-Based Design and Optimization of Multitarget-Directed 2<i>H</i>-Chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Cholinesterases
作者:Roberta Farina、Leonardo Pisani、Marco Catto、Orazio Nicolotti、Domenico Gadaleta、Nunzio Denora、Ramon Soto-Otero、Estefania Mendez-Alvarez、Carolina S. Passos、Giovanni Muncipinto、Cosimo D. Altomare、Alessandra Nurisso、Pierre-Alain Carrupt、Angelo Carotti
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00599
日期:2015.7.23
The multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's disease calls for the development of multitarget agents addressing key pathogenic processes. To this end, by following a docking-assisted hybridization strategy, a number of aminocoumarins were designed, prepared, and tested as monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (AChE and BChE) inhibitors. Highly flexible N-benzyl-N-alkyloxy coumarins 2-12 showed good inhibitory activities at MAO-B, AChE, and BChE but low selectivity. More rigid inhibitors, bearing meta-and para-xylyl linkers, displayed: good inhibitory activities and high MAO-B selectivity. Compounds 21, 24, 37, and 39, the last two featuring art improved hydrophilic/lipophilic balance, exhibited excellent activity profiles with nanomolar inhibitory potency toward hMAO-B, high hMAO-B over hMAO-A selectivity and submicromolar potency at hAChE. Cell-based assays of BBB permeation, neurotoxicity, and neuroprotection supported the potential of compound 37 as a BBB-permeant neuroprotective agent against H2O2-induced oxidative stress with poor interaction as P-gp substrate and very low cytotoxicity.