Inhibition of Nucleoside Transport by New Analogues of 4-Nitrobenzylthioinosine: Replacement of the Ribose Moiety by Substituted Benzyl Groups
摘要:
4-Nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBTI, 1) is a well-known inhibitor for the nucleoside transport protein ENT1. However, its highly polar nature is unfavorable for oral absorption and/or penetration into the CNS. In the search for compounds with lower polarity than NBTI we replaced its ribose moiety by substituted benzyl groups. Halogen, hydroxyl, (trifluoro)methyl(-oxy), nitro, and amine functionalities were among the substituents at the benzyl group. In general, substitution of the benzyl group resulted in a lower affinity for ENT1. Only 2-hydroxyl substitution showed a higher affinity. Most likely this is the result of hydrogen bonding. Substitution at the 2-position of the benzyl group with aryl groups was also addressed. Compared to parent compound carrying a 2-phenylbenzyl group, all synthesized analogues gave higher affinities. Introduction of fluoro, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, and hydroxyl groups at the phenyl group clearly showed that addition to the 4-position was preferable. Despite the highly different character of a ribose and a benzyl group, K-i values in the low nanomolar range were obtained for the benzyl-substituted derivatives. Compound 35, LUF5919, and compound 60, LUF5929, displayed the highest affinity (K-i = 39 nM for both compounds), having a polar surface area of 101 Angstrom(2) and 85 Angstrom(2), respectively.
[EN] MACROCYCLIC INHIBITORS OF FLAVIVIRIDAE VIRUSES<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS MACROCYCLIQUES DE VIRUS FLAVIVIRIDAE
申请人:GILEAD SCIENCES INC
公开号:WO2012078915A1
公开(公告)日:2012-06-14
Provided are compounds of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are useful for the treatment of Flaviviridae virus infections, particularly hepatitis C infections.
Reagents and synthetic methods 52. Silane reduction of carbonyl compounds in the presence of iodine
作者:B. Lecea、J.M. Aizpurua、C. Palomo
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)82361-9
日期:1985.1
utility of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS) reagent under the influence of iodine is described. TMDS reagent in combination with iodine produces alkyl iodides from carbonylcompounds and oxiranes in good to excellent yields. Reduction of quinones into hydroquinones is also described. The mentioned transformations are explained from mechanistic points of view.
Electron-transfer-induced photochemical reactions of (silylallyl)iminium and benzylpyrrolinium salts by dual diradical and diradical cation cyclization pathways
作者:In Seop Cho、Chung Lan Tu、Patrick S. Mariano
DOI:10.1021/ja00165a052
日期:1990.4
The electron-transfer-induced photocyclization reactions of a series of N- and C-silylmethallyl-substituted iminium and 1-benzyl-1-pyrrolinium salts have been investigated in order to gain information about their mechanistic course and to probe their synthetic potential. The results obtained from these studies demonstrate that diradical cation intermediates formed in these processes can be transformed