Deeply colored anionic polymethine dyes derived from bis(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) 9 H-fluorene-2,7-disulfonate
作者:I. V. Kurdyukova、N. A. Derevyanko、A. A. Ishchenko、D. D. Mysyk
DOI:10.1007/s11172-009-0102-7
日期:2009.4
Anionic symmetric polymethine dyes have been synthesized based on bis(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) 9H-fluorene-2,7-disulfonate, which exhibit intensive absorption in the near IR region of the spectrum: pentamethine with an open polymethine chain (⋉max = 790 nm) and nonamethine with six- and five-membered saturated rings at δ-positions of the chain (@#@ ⋉max = 1044 and 1086 nm, respectively). To make comparisons, anionic dyes with analogous structure of the polymethine chain, viz., 1,3-dimethylbarbituric and 1,3-diethylthiobarbituric acid derivatives, have been also synthesized. Quantum chemical analysis of the electron structure of the dyes has been performed. Their solvatochromism in polar solvents depends weakly on electrophilicity and nucleophilicity of the medium and is primarily determined by universal interactions. This is the reason that they, in contrast to cationic dyes, retain a high selectivity of absorption (sharp absorption bands) and universal contour of electronic bands in strong polar solvents even with the long polymethine chain. Special solvatochromic effects of the anionic dyes in weakly polar media have been revealed and interpreted. The role of a counterion in these effects has been analyzed.
以双(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基) 9H-芴-2,7-二磺酸盐为基础合成了阴离子对称聚甲基染料,它们在光谱的近红外区域表现出强烈的吸收:它们在近红外光谱区表现出强烈的吸收:具有开放式聚甲基链的五甲基(⋉max = 790 nm)和在链的 δ 位置具有六元和五元饱和环的壬甲基(@#@ ⋉max = 1044 nm 和 1086 nm)。为了进行比较,我们还合成了具有类似聚甲基链结构的阴离子染料,即 1,3-二甲基巴比妥酸和 1,3-二乙基硫代巴比妥酸衍生物。对这些染料的电子结构进行了量子化学分析。它们在极性溶剂中的溶解变色作用对介质的亲电性和亲核性的依赖性很弱,而主要是由普遍的相互作用决定的。正因为如此,与阳离子染料相比,即使聚甲基链很长,它们在强极性溶剂中也能保持较高的吸收选择性(尖锐的吸收带)和电子带的普遍轮廓。阴离子染料在弱极性介质中的特殊溶解变色效应已被揭示和解释。分析了反离子在这些效应中的作用。