Synthesis and Identification of Small Molecules that Potently Induce Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells through G1 Cell Cycle Arrest
摘要:
Late-stage malignant melanoma is a cancer that is refractory to current chemotherapeutic treatments. The average survival time for patients with such a diagnosis is 6 months. In general, the vast majority of anticancer drugs operate through induction of cell cycle arrest and cell death in either the DNA synthesis (S) or mitosis (M) phase of the cell cycle. Unfortunately, the same mechanisms that melanocytes possess to protect cells from DNA damage often confer resistance to drugs that derive their toxicity from S or M phase arrest. Described herein is the synthesis of a combinatorial library of potential proapoptotic agents and the subsequent identification of a class of small molecules (triphenyl methylamides, TPMAs) that arrest the growth of melanoma cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Several of these TPMAs are quite potent inducers of apoptotic death in melanoma cell lines (IC50 similar to 0.5 mu M), and importantly, some TPMAs are comparatively nontoxic to normal cells isolated from the bone marrow of healthy donors. Furthermore, the TPMAs were found to dramatically reduce the level of active nuclear factor kappa-B (NF kappa B) in the cell; NF kappa B is known to be constitutively active in melanoma, and this activity is critical for the proliferation of melanoma cells and their evasion of apoptosis. Compounds that reduce the level of NF kappa B and arrest cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle can provide insights into the biology of melanoma and may be effective antimelanoma agents.
Nickel/Photo-Cocatalyzed C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–H Allylation of Aldehydes and Formamides
作者:Pei Fan、Rui Wang、Chuan Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02938
日期:2021.10.1
nickel/photo-cocatalyzed C(sp2)–H allylation of aldehydes and formamides wherein both allyl acetates and allylalcohols can be used as the allylating agents. In this reaction, radical-type umpolung of the formyl moiety is enabled by tetrabutylammonium decatungstate as a hydrogen-atom-transfer photocatalyst, whereas nickel serves to cleave the C–O bond of allyl acetates or allylalcohols. The synergistic effect
Rapid in-plate generation of benzimidazole libraries and amide formation using EEDQ
作者:James B. Thomas、Michael J. Fall、Julie B. Cooper、Jason P. Burgess、F.Ivy Carroll
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(97)01136-2
日期:1997.7
A solution phase method for the preparation of etonitazene-related benzimidazoles and a general method for the preparation of amide derivatives in 96-well format have been developed for the generation of libraries of compounds in parallel. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.