Hypoxia-selective antitumor agents. 5. Synthesis of water-soluble nitroaniline mustards with selective cytotoxicity for hypoxic mammalian cells
作者:Brian D. Palmer、William R. Wilson、Stephen Cliffe、William A. Denny
DOI:10.1021/jm00095a018
日期:1992.8
Nitroaniline mustards have potential as hypoxia-selective cytotoxic agents, with reductive metabolism activating the nitrogen mustard by converting the electron-withdrawing nitro group to an electron-donating hydroxylamine or amine. However, the parent compounds have poor aqueous solubility, and their potencies are limited by low reduction potentials (E1/2 ca. -600 mV versus the normal hydrogen electrode)
硝基苯胺芥子作为低氧选择性细胞毒剂具有潜力,其还原性代谢通过将吸电子硝基转化为供电子羟胺或胺来激活氮芥。然而,母体化合物的水溶性差,并且它们的效能受到低还原电位(相对于正常氢电极的E1 / 2约-600mV)和相应的缓慢的硝基还原速率的限制。为了解决这些局限性,制备了一系列通过吸电子羧酰胺基团连接的带有亲水性侧链的4-硝基苯胺芥菜,并评估了其对中国仓鼠细胞系的低氧选择性细胞毒性。N-[(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]羧酰胺衍生物具有优异的水溶性和改善的细胞毒性,但是它们的还原潜力虽然比非羧酰胺化合物高,但仍然很低,并且观察到的对缺氧细胞的选择性很小。还制备了一系列的2,4-二硝基苯胺芥末羧酰胺。这些化合物的还原电位在所需范围内(通过循环伏安法测得的E1 / 2约为-450 mV),并且对缺氧的毒性比需氧的UV4细胞高。选择性最高的化合物是5- [N,N-双(2-氯乙基)氨基] -2,4-二硝基苯甲酰胺(20,SN