Borax as an Efficient Metal-Free Catalyst for Hetero-Michael Reactions in an Aqueous Medium
作者:Sahid Hussain、Saitanya K. Bharadwaj、Mihir K. Chaudhuri、Harjyoti Kalita
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.200600691
日期:2007.1
Borax, a naturally occurring material, very efficiently catalyzed the conjugate addition of thiols, dithiols and amines to α,β-unsaturated ketones, nitriles, amides, aldehydes and esters in an aqueousmedium to afford the corresponding Michael adducts in good yields at room temperature. Recycling of the catalyst and scaling up of the reactions are important attributes of this catalysis. The reactions
Lubricant compositions are provided, containing as antiwear agents, a .beta.-thiopropionitrile having the structure R--S--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CN in which R is alkyl, nitriloalkyl, aralkyl, alkaryl, aryl, or benzothiazolyl, mercapto-thiadiazolyl, NCCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.n where X is oxygen or sulfur and n is a whole number from 1 to 20. Particularly contemplated are lubricating oils and greases containing the aforementioned antiwear agents.