Synthesis of 19-substituted geldanamycins with altered conformations and their binding to heat shock protein Hsp90
作者:Russell R. A. Kitson、Chuan-Hsin Chang、Rui Xiong、Huw E. L. Williams、Adrienne L. Davis、William Lewis、Donna L. Dehn、David Siegel、S. Mark Roe、Chrisostomos Prodromou、David Ross、Christopher J. Moody
DOI:10.1038/nchem.1596
日期:2013.4
The benzoquinone ansamycin geldanamycin and its derivatives are inhibitors of heat shock protein Hsp90, an emerging target for novel therapeutic agents both in cancer and in neurodegeneration. However, the toxicity of these compounds to normal cells has been ascribed to reaction with thiol nucleophiles at the quinone 19-position. We reasoned that blocking this position would ameliorate toxicity, and that it might also enforce a favourable conformational switch of the trans-amide group into the cis-form required for protein binding. Here, we report an efficient synthesis of such 19-substituted compounds and realization of our hypotheses. Protein crystallography established that the new compounds bind to Hsp90 with, as expected, a cis-amide conformation. Studies on Hsp90 inhibition in cells demonstrated the molecular signature of Hsp90 inhibitors: decreases in client proteins with compensatory increases in other heat shock proteins in both human breast cancer and dopaminergic neural cells, demonstrating their potential for use in the therapy of cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. The heat shock protein Hsp90 is a potential target for cancer and neurodegeneration drugs. Here, the introduction of a substituent into the 19-position of the naturally occurring inhibitor geldanamycin by chemical synthesis is shown to ameliorate toxicity, and also cause a favourable conformational switch that is required for protein binding.
resulting 19-substituted derivatives have greater potential for success in oncology clinical trials and for other medicinal purposes such as the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions. Having overcome hurdles associated with the sensitivity and complexity of these molecules, through a variety of synthetic approaches, the synthesis of a series of 19-substituted geldanamycin derivatives is reported herein