Dichlorodifluoromethane appears as a colorless gas having a faint ethereal odor. Shipped as a liquid confined under its own vapor pressure. Contact with the unconfined liquid can cause frostbite. Both components are noncombustible. Can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Exposure of the closed container to prolonged heat or fire can cause it to rupture violently and rocket.
颜色/状态:
Colorless gas ... [Note: Shipped as a liquified compressed gas]
气味:
Practically odorless ... faint, ether-like odor in high concentration
Elimination of CFC-12 from the body is rapid. Dogs exhaled within 1 hr essentially all the CFC-12 inhaled during 6- to 20-minute exposure to 8000 to 12000 ppm. Inhaled CFC-12 rapidly appeared in blood, bile, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine of anesthetized rabbits and dogs. Unanesthetized dogs exposed to 1000 to 100,000 ppm for 10 min showed rapid rise in blood concentrations of CFC-12 during the first 3 to 5 minutes, which was paralleled by a rapid decline for first 5 min after exposure.
Blood levels of CFC-12 were below detection limits in normal subjects using household aerosols; in asthmatic subjects using aerosol inhaler, blood levels were much lower than in dogs exposed at threshold for cardiac sensitization. Radiolabeled tests showed essentially all the dose of CFC-12 (95-103%) exhaled within the first hour after a 12- or 17-minute inhalation at 1000 ppm; total metabolites were < 0.2% of the administed dose. At 30 minutes, retention of the labeled dose inhaled in a single breath was 10% vesus 23%, 20%, and 12% for comparable doses of trichlorofluoromethane (FC-11), 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2,-trifluoroethane (FC-113), and 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (FC-114), respectively. For an eight hr inhalation at 1000 ppm, a pharmacokinetic model based on analyses in dogs and humans gave an estimate of 55% absorption of the inhaled CFC-12.
Absorption and elimination are dynamic processes involving equilibria among air, blood, and various tissues. Upon absorption, a biphasic blood-level pattern occurs, with an initial rapid then slower rise in blood levels, during which the material is absorbed from blood into tissue.
Decomposition of Dichlorodifluoromethane with Simultaneous Halogen Fixation by Vanadium Oxide Supported on Magnesium Oxide
作者:Tsukasa Tamai、Koji Inazu、Ken-ichi Aika
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.78.1565
日期:2005.8
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2, 1% in He) decomposition with simultaneous halogen fixation by vanadium oxide supported on magnesium oxide was studied at 723 K in a flow apparatus. The pretreatment...
Kinetics and mechanism of halogen-atom-transfer reactions between haloalkanes and several 17-electron transition-metal complex negative ions in the gas phase
作者:Michael T. Jones、Richard N. McDonald、Philip L. Schell、Mohammed H. Ali
DOI:10.1021/ja00198a001
日期:1989.8
The rate constants for the halogen-atom-transfer reactions between transition-metal complex anion radicals (L(OC) x−1 M •− ) and up to 14 halogenated methanes and ethanes (RX) were measured in a flowing afterglow apparatus
Synthesis of functionalized polyfluoroalkyl hypochlorites and fluoroxy compounds and their reactions with some fluoroalkenes
作者:Bruce B. Randolph、Darryl D. DesMarteau
DOI:10.1016/s0022-1139(00)80070-6
日期:1993.9
Several new polyfluoroalkyl hypochlorites and fluoroxy compounds containing Cl, H andBr in the alkyl group have been prepared and characterized by 19F NMR, 1H NMR andIR spectroscopies and by their reactions with fluoroalkenes to produce new polyfluoroethers.The novel compounds are prepared by the CsF-catalyzed addition of F2 or ClF to theCO bond in CF3C(O)CF2Cl, ClCF2C(O)CF2Cl, and their derivatives
THE REACTION OF BUTENYLMAGNESIUM BROMIDE WITH ACETOMESITYLENE
作者:William G. Young、John D. Roberts
DOI:10.1021/ja01240a512
日期:1944.12
the butenyl Grignard reagent it appeared that valuable information might be obtained from the composition of the butenes resulting from the enolization of ketones by butenylmagnesium bromide. Acetomesitylene was chosen for this experiment as several investigators have shown that organometallic compounds such as ethylmagnesium bromide, n-butyllithium and phenylsodium do not add to the carbonyl group
Experimental Studies of Ozone Depletion by Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s), Bromofluorocarbons (BFC’s), Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC’s), and CH<sub>3</sub>Br Using a 6-m<sup>3</sup>Photochemical Chamber
作者:Nobuaki Washida、Takashi Imamura、Hiroshi Bandow
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.69.535
日期:1996.3
BFC’s than in the CFC’s. According to a box-model simulation, in the CFCl3 system 90% of the catalytic cycle proceeds from reactions of Cl + O3 → ClO + O2 and ClO + O → Cl + O2. On the other hand, in the CF3Br system 90% of the catalytic cycle is governed by the following reactions: Br + O3 → BrO + O2 and BrO + BrO → 2Br + O2. The HCFC’s and CH3Br can destroy the ozone with sufficient potential as CFC’s