氟里昂-22 | 75-45-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机卤素化合物 - 卤代烷
• 中文名称: 氟里昂-22
• 中文别名: R22制冷剂；二氟一氯甲烷；氟利昂22；氯二氟甲烷；一氯二氟甲烷；二氟氯甲烷；HCFC-22；R22
• 英文名称: Chlorodifluoromethane
• 英文别名: difluorochloromethane；freon-22；chloro(difluoro)methane
• CAS: 75-45-6
• 化学式: CHClF₂
• mdl: MFCD00000821
• 分子量: 86.4687
• InChiKey: VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  -157.4 °C
• 沸点：
  -40.8 °C
• 密度：
  1.194 g/cm3(Temp: 25 °C)
• 物理描述：
  Chlorodifluoromethane is a colorless gas with an ethereal odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. It is noncombustible. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Toxic gases can be produced in fires involving this material. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.
• 颜色/状态：
  Colorless gas ... [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]
• 气味：
  Nearly odorless
• 溶解度：
  In water, 2770 mg/L at 25 °C
• 蒸汽密度：
  3 (Air = 1)
• 蒸汽压力：
  7,250 mm Hg at 25 °C
• 亨利常数：
  0.04 atm-m3/mole
• 大气OH速率常数：
  4.68e-15 cm3/molecule*sec
• 稳定性/保质期：
  1. **稳定性**：稳定。 2. **禁配物**：强氧化剂、易燃或可燃物。 3. **聚合危害**：不聚合。 4. **分解产物**：氟化氢。
• 自燃温度：
  632 °C
• 分解：
  Decomposes on contact with hot surfaces or flames. This produces toxic and corrosive gases including hydrogen chloride, phosgene, hydrogen fluoride and carbonyl fluoride.
• 粘度：
  0.23 mN/sec/sq m at 25 °C (liquid); 0.013 mN/sec/sq m at 25 °C (gas)
• 燃烧热：
  -6.5704X10+07 J/kmol
• 汽化热：
  101 BTU/lb = 55.9 cal/g = 2.34X10+5 J/kg
• 电离电位：
  12.45 eV
• 折光率：
  Index of refraction: 1.256 at 25 °C
• 保留指数：
  305;301;258;309

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.8
• 重原子数：
  4
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

ADMET

代谢

二氯氟甲烷（CFC 21）和氯二氟甲烷（CFC 22）的吸入药代动力学在雄性Wistar大鼠中通过使用封闭式吸入室系统进行研究。CFC 21 通过代谢被迅速消除。然而，CFC 22 没有发生可检测的代谢...

Inhalation pharmacokinetics of dichlorofluoromethane (CFC 21) and chlorodifluoromethane (CFC 22) were studied in male Wistar rats by use of a closed inhalation chamber system. CFC 21 was readily eliminated via metabolism. However, CFC 22 underwent no detectable metabolism...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

大约0.1和0.06%的吸入剂量在大鼠暴露于500和10,000 ppm（分别为1.77和35.4克/立方米）的(14)C-氯二氟甲烷15-24小时后，以(14)C-二氧化碳的形式被回收。尿液中的放射性排泄量分别约为吸入剂量的0.03和0.01%。最近的类似研究发现，大鼠对氯二氟甲烷的代谢很少或没有。在(36)Cl-氯二氟甲烷与Aroclor诱导的大鼠肝脏匀浆一起培养后，没有检测到氯离子的释放。

Approx 0.1 and 0.06% of an inhaled dose was recovered as (14)C-carbon dioxide after exposure of rats to 500 & 10,000 ppm (1.77 & 35.4 g/cu m) (14)C-chlorodifluoromethane, respectively, for 15-24 hr by inhalation. The amount of radioactivity excreted in the urine was approx 0.03 & 0.01% of the inhaled doses, respectively. Similar findings have been reported recently, indicating that there is little or no metabolism of chlorodifluoromethane in rats. After incubation of (36)Cl-chlorodifluoromethane with Aroclor-induced rat-liver homogenates, no release of chloride was detected.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

氯二氟甲烷在雄性Wistar大鼠中以160 ppm（566 mg/m³）浓度吸入后，未发生可检测的代谢，且预先用DDT或苯巴比妥处理大鼠并未刺激其代谢转化。

Chlorodifluoromethane inhaled by male Wistar rats at a concentration of 160 ppm (566 mg/cu m) underwent no detectable metabolism and prior treatment of rats with either DDT or phenobarbital did not stimulate its metabolic transformation.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

评估：对于氯二氟甲烷在人类中的致癌性，证据不足。在实验动物中，氯二氟甲烷的致癌性证据有限。总体评估：氯二氟甲烷在人类中的致癌性无法分类（第3组）。

Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of chlorodifluoromethane. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chlorodifluoromethane. Overall evaluation: Chlorodifluoromethane is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans (Group 3).

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A4：不能归类为人类致癌物。

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构致癌物：氯二氟甲烷

IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Chlorodifluoromethane

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构（IARC）致癌物分类：第3组：无法归类其对人类致癌性

IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构专著：第41卷：（1986年）一些卤代烃和农药暴露 增补第7卷：致癌性的总体评估：更新国际癌症研究机构专著第1至42卷，1987年；440页；ISBN 92-832-1411-0（已绝版） 第71卷：（1999年）对一些有机化学品、肼和过氧化氢（第一部分、第二部分、第三部分）的再评估

IARC Monographs:Volume 41: (1986) Some Halogenated Hydrocarbons and Pesticide Exposures Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print) Volume 71: (1999) Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

吸收、分配和排泄

氟碳-22在小白鼠和兔子身上进行了研究。血液中的浓度与吸入的浓度成正比。在长期吸入后，脂肪中的浓度大于其他组织。当吸入时间较短时，脂肪中的浓度低于其他组织。

Fluorocarbon-22 was studied in mice and rabbits. Blood concn was in direct proportion to inhaled concn. The concn in fat was greater than in other tissues after prolonged inhalation. When inhalation was short, the concn in fat was less than in other tissues.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

氟碳化合物在脑、肝和肺中的积累量显著高于血液水平，表明氟碳化合物在组织中的分布类似于氯仿。/氟碳化合物/

There is a significant accumulation of fluorocarbons in brain, liver & lung compared to blood levels, signifying a tissue distribution of fluorocarbons similar to that of chloroform. /Fluorocarbons/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

氟碳化合物经口服摄入后的吸收率远低于吸入（35-48倍）。...在尸检时，肺部通常含有最高的氟碳化合物浓度。/氟碳化合物/

Absorption of fluorocarbons is much lower after oral ingestion (35-48 times) than after inhalation. ... The lung generally have the highest fluorocarbon concn on autopsy. /Fluorocarbons/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

一氯二氟甲烷通过吸入暴露在大鼠和家兔的血液中非常迅速地被清除。在大鼠中，几乎没有分布到组织或发生代谢，15-24小时内在呼出的空气中以二氧化碳形式回收，在尿液中的回收量分别约为剂量的0.1%和0.02%。

Chlorodifluoromethane is very rapidly cleared from the blood of rats and rabbits exposed by inhalation. Little distribution to tissues or metabolism occurs in rats, with recoveries from expired air as CO2 in 15-24 hr and in the urine, being about 0.1% and 0.02% of the dose, respectively.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 安全说明：
  S23,S59
• 危险品运输编号：
  1018
• 海关编码：
  2903710000
• 危险类别：
  2.2
• 危险品标志：
  F
• 危险类别码：
  R40,R59
• RTECS号：
  PA6390000
• 包装等级：
  O53
• 储存条件：
  储存注意事项：应将储存于阴凉、通风的专用不燃气体库房中，并远离火种和热源，库温不宜超过30℃。需与易燃物及氧化剂分开存放，切忌混储。库区应配备相应的泄漏应急处理设备。

SDS

第一部分：化学品名称

制备方法与用途

制备方法

用作制冷剂、农药喷雾剂，也用作灭火剂及氟树脂的原料。

合成制备方法

1. 间接法：以氯仿和氟化氢为原料，在五氯化锑催化剂存在下合成制得。
2. 直接法：由甲烷与氯、无水氟化氢在流化床反应器中合成，其反应式如下：

用途简介 用途

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  氟里昂-22 生成 六氟丙烯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Park et al., Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 1947, vol. 39, p. 357

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  二氯二氟甲烷 在 ammonium persulfate 、 ammonium formate 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 生成 氟里昂-22
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Reduction of polyhalofluoroalkanes with formate to hydrogen-bearing alternatives initiated by carbon dioxide anionic radical

  摘要：

  Reduction of polyhalofluoroalkanes with formate in the presence of a catalytic amount of persulfate is described. Such a reagent possesses good selectivity in the reduction of carbon-chlorine bonds. A chain mechanism including carbon dioxide anionic radicals and polyhalofluoroalkyl radicals is proposed.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0022-1139(00)81259-2
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  3,4-二羟基苯甲醛 在 氟里昂-22 、 potassium carbonate 作用下， 以 DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide) 为溶剂， 生成 3,4-双(二氟甲氧基)苯甲醛
  参考文献：
  名称：

  [EN] NOVEL OXABISPIDINE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
  [FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSES OXABISPIDINE ET LEUR UTILISATION DANS LE TRAITEMENT DES ARYTHMIES CARDIAQUES

  摘要：

  提供了式（I）的化合物，其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R41至R46、A、B和G的含义如描述中所述，这些化合物对预防和治疗心律失常，特别是心房和心室心律失常，具有实用价值。

  公开号：

  WO2005123748A1

文献信息

• Thieno-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity
  申请人：Brewster Kirkland William

  公开号：US20070093498A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-26

  The present invention relates to thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity.

  本发明涉及具有杀真菌活性的噻吩[2,3-d]-嘧啶化合物。
• Melanocortin-4 receptor binding compounds and methods of use thereof
  申请人：Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

  公开号：US20040082779A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-04-29

  Provided are MC4-R binding compounds of the formula XVII: 1 wherein L 2 is a linker group, and P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 , t, s, and R are as described in the specification. Methods of using the compounds to treat MC4-R associated disorders, such as disorders associated with weight loss, are also provided.

  提供了具有以下化学式XVII的MC4-R结合化合物： 其中L2是连接基团，P1、P2、P3、P4、Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5、t、s和R如规范中所述。还提供了使用这些化合物治疗与MC4-R相关疾病的方法，例如与体重减轻相关的疾病。
• Method for the Production of N-Substituted (3-Dihalomethyl-1-Methyl-Pyrazole-4-yl) Carboxamides
  申请人：Zierke Thomas

  公开号：US20100174094A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-07-08

  The present invention relates to a process for preparing N-substituted (3-dihalomethylpyrazol-4-yl)carboxamides of the formula (I) in which R 1 is optionally substituted phenyl or C 3 -C 7 -cycloalkyl, R 1a is hydrogen or fluorine, or R 1a together with R 1 is optionally substituted C 3 -C 5 -alkanediyl or C 5 -C 7 -cycloalkanediyl, R 2 is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl or C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 2 -alkyl, X is F or Cl and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; which comprises A) providing a compound of the formula (II) in which X is F or Cl, Y is Cl or Br and R 2 has one of the meanings given above and B) reacting a compound of the formula (II) with carbon monoxide and a compound of the formula (III) in which R 1 , R 1a and n have one of the meanings given above; in the presence of a palladium catalyst; to intermediates used for the preparation according to the process according to the invention, and also to processes for their preparation.

  本发明涉及一种制备式(I)的N-取代(3-二卤甲基吡唑-4-基)羧酰胺的方法 其中R1是可选的取代苯基或C3-C7环烷基，R1a是氢或氟，或者R1a与R1一起是可选的取代C3-C5-烷二基或C5-C7-环烷二基，R2是C1-C6-烷基，C2-C6-烯基，C2-C6-炔基或C1-C4-烷氧基-C1-C2-烷基，X是F或Cl，n为0、1、2或3；包括 A)提供式(II)的化合物 其中X是F或Cl，Y是Cl或Br，R2具有上述给定的含义之一 B)将式(II)的化合物与一氧化碳和式(III)的化合物反应 其中R1、R1a和n具有上述给定的含义之一；在钯催化剂的存在下； 用于根据本发明的方法制备的中间体，以及用于它们的制备的方法。
• [EN] 4-METHOXYACRIDINE-1-CARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND THE PHENAZINE AND OXANTHRENE ANALOGS AS PDE4-INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA AND CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)<br/>[FR] DERIVES DE 4-METHOXYACRIDINE-1-CARBOXAMIDE ET LES ANALOGUES PHENAZINE ET OXANTHRENE UTILISES COMME INHIBITEURS PDE4 POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE L'ASTHME ET LA MALADIE PULMONAIRE CHRONIQUE (COPD)
  申请人：GLENMARK PHARMACEUTICALS SA

  公开号：WO2006040650A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-04-20

  The present invention relates to new Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitors of the formula (1) for treatment of asthma: Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl ring; each occurrence of L is O, S or NR3; X and A are independently -CRaRb -, -CRa-, -C(=B)-, O, S(O)m, N or NR3; each occurrence of m is 0, 1, or 2; n is 0-4; p is 0-2; Y is -C(=B)C(=D)NR4 or -C(=B)NR4 B is O, S or NRa; D is O, S or NRa; The other substituents are defined in the claims.

  本发明涉及用于治疗哮喘的新磷酸二酯酶4型（PDE4）抑制剂的化学式（1）：Ar是取代或未取代的芳基，取代或未取代的芳基烷基，取代或未取代的杂环环或取代或未取代的杂芳环；每次出现的L是O、S或NR3；X和A独立地是-CRaRb-，-CRa-，-C(=B)-，O，S(O)m，N或NR3；每次出现的m是0、1或2；n为0-4；p为0-2；Y是-C(=B)C(=D)NR4或-C(=B)NR4；B是O、S或NRa；D是O、S或NRa；其他取代基在权利要求中定义。
• [EN] HETEROARYL SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLYL SULFONES<br/>[FR] SULFONES À HÉTÉROCYCLYLES À SUBSTITUTION HÉTÉROARYLE
  申请人：GRUENENTHAL GMBH

  公开号：WO2015158427A1

  公开（公告）日：2015-10-22

  The invention relates to aryl substituted heterocyclyl sulfones as voltage gated calcium channel blockers, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and also to these compounds for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of pain and further diseases and/or disorders.

  这项发明涉及芳基取代的杂环磺酮作为电压门控钙通道阻滞剂，以及含有这些化合物的药物组合物，还涉及这些化合物用于治疗和/或预防疼痛以及其他疾病和/或紊乱。

表征谱图