简介 十六烷基二甲基叔胺是一种工业杀菌剂,用于工业上杀灭或抑制微生物生长。季铵盐杀菌剂是应用最广泛的工业杀菌剂之一,但由于分子量较小,通常具有一定的生理毒性和皮肤刺激性,在使用过程中会迁移和溶出到环境中,对生物和环境可能造成损害。
制备 在250mL四口瓶中加入24.1g十六烷基胺和100mL无水乙醇。控制温度低于20℃条件下,逐渐加入20.9g 88%甲酸和24.3g 37%甲醛,并用气球封闭反应体系加热至回流状态,反应10小时后降温取样,通过薄层色谱(TLC)检测确认反应完全。随后向反应液中加入30%液碱调节pH值至10,再用甲苯萃取,合并有机相,洗涤、脱溶剂并减压蒸馏,最终获得无色透明液体16.8g,收率为62%,含量≥95.0%。
用途
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
双十六烷基胺 | dihexadecylamine | 16724-63-3 | C32H67N | 465.891 |
十六胺 | hexadecylamine | 143-27-1 | C16H35N | 241.461 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
N,N-二甲基十六烷基氧化胺 | hexadecyldimethylamine oxide | 7128-91-8 | C18H39NO | 285.514 |
十六胺 | hexadecylamine | 143-27-1 | C16H35N | 241.461 |
Due to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal concentration of compounds are used, they are in line with the principle of greenolution (green evolution) in chemistry. In this study, we present innovative synthesis of the homologous series of gemini surfactants modified at the spacer by the ether group, i.e., 3-oxa-1,5-pentane-bis(N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium bromides). The critical micelle concentrations were determined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds were determined against bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231; and molds Aspergillus niger ATCC 16401 and Penicillium chrysogenum ATCC 60739. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial activity and alkyl chain length or the nature of the spacer. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized compounds are effective microbicides with a broad spectrum of biocidal activity.