Unique methods have been developed to convert saccharides into value-added products such as alkyl lactates, lactic acid, alkyl levulinates, levulinic acid, and optionally alkyl formate esters and/or hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Useful catalysts include Lewis acid catalysts and Brønsted acid catalysts including mineral acids, metal halides, immobilized heterogeneous catalysts functionalized with a Brønsted acid group or a Lewis acid group, or combinations thereof. The saccharides are contacted with the catalyst in the presence of various alcohols.
已开发出独特的方法,将
糖类转化为增值产品,如烷基
乳酸酯、
乳酸、烷基
左旋糖酸酯、
左旋糖酸,以及可选的烷基
甲酸酯和/或羟甲基
糠醛(
HMF)。有用的催化剂包括Lewis酸催化剂和Brønsted酸催化剂,包括矿酸、
金属卤化物、功能化为Brønsted酸基团或Lewis酸基团的固定化异质催化剂,或其组合。在各种醇的存在下,将
糖类与催化剂接触。