Copper Arsenate | 10103-61-4

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 羧酸类化合物及衍生物
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属氧阴离子化合物
• 英文名称: Copper Arsenate
• 英文别名: tricopper;diarsorate
• CAS: 10103-61-4；7778-41-8
• 化学式: As2Cu3O8
• 分子量: 468.48
• InChiKey: RKYSWCFUYJGIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-H

物化性质

• 溶解度：
  不溶于水、乙醇；溶于稀酸溶液
• 物理描述：
  BLUE OR BLUISH-GREEN POWDER.

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -8.14
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  173
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  8

ADMET

代谢

铜主要通过胃肠道吸收，但也可以通过吸入和皮肤吸收。它通过基底外侧膜，可能是通过调节铜转运蛋白，并与血清白蛋白结合被运输到肝脏和肾脏。肝脏是铜稳态的关键器官。在肝脏和其他组织中，铜以与金属硫蛋白、氨基酸以及与依赖铜的酶结合的形式储存，然后分配通过胆汁排泄或并入细胞内和细胞外蛋白中。铜通过血浆中与血清白蛋白、铜蓝蛋白或低分子量复合物结合被运输到外周组织。铜可能会诱导金属硫蛋白和铜蓝蛋白的产生。膜结合的铜转运腺苷三磷酸酶（Cu-ATPase）将铜离子输送到细胞内和细胞外。生理上正常的铜水平通过改变铜的吸收速率和数量、分布区域以及排泄来维持恒定。砷主要通过吸入或摄入吸收，较少程度上通过皮肤接触。然后它分布到全身，如果有必要，它会被还原成砷化物，然后通过砷化物甲基转移酶甲基化成单甲基砷（MMA）和二甲基砷酸（DMA）。砷及其代谢物主要通过尿液排出。砷已知能诱导金属结合蛋白金属硫蛋白，通过结合砷和其他金属使它们生物活性失效，并作为抗氧化剂，从而减少砷和其他金属的有毒效果。

Copper is mainly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, but it can also be inhalated and absorbed dermally. It passes through the basolateral membrane, possibly via regulatory copper transporters, and is transported to the liver and kidney bound to serum albumin. The liver is the critical organ for copper homoeostasis. In the liver and other tissues, copper is stored bound to metallothionein, amino acids, and in association with copper-dependent enzymes, then partitioned for excretion through the bile or incorporation into intra- and extracellular proteins. The transport of copper to the peripheral tissues is accomplished through the plasma attached to serum albumin, ceruloplasmin or low-molecular-weight complexes. Copper may induce the production of metallothionein and ceruloplasmin. The membrane-bound copper transporting adenosine triphosphatase (Cu-ATPase) transports copper ions into and out of cells. Physiologically normal levels of copper in the body are held constant by alterations in the rate and amount of copper absorption, compartmental distribution, and excretion. Arsenic is absorbed mainly by inhalation or ingestion, as to a lesser extent, dermal exposure. It is then distributed throughout the body, where it is reduced into arsenite if necessary, then methylated into monomethylarsenic (MMA) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) by arsenite methyltransferase. Arsenic and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. Arsenic is known to induce the metal-binding protein metallothionein, which decreases the toxic effects of arsenic and other metals by binding them and making them biologically inactive, as well as acting as an antioxidant. (L20, L277, L279)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

过量的铜被隔离在肝细胞溶酶体内，在那里它与金属硫蛋白结合。铜肝毒性被认为发生在溶酶体饱和且铜在细胞核中积累时，导致核损伤。这种损伤可能是由于氧化损伤，包括脂质过氧化。铜抑制了保护细胞免受自由基侵害的巯基酶，如葡萄糖-6-磷酸-1-脱氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和对氧磷酶。它还影响基因表达，并且是氧化酶如细胞色素C氧化酶和赖氨酰氧化酶的辅因子。此外，由铜诱导的氧化应激被认为会激活酸性鞘磷脂酶，导致神经酰胺的产生，这是一种凋亡信号，同时也会引起溶血性贫血。铜诱导的呕吐是由于迷走神经的刺激。砷及其代谢物通过多种机制干扰ATP的产生。在柠檬酸循环层面，砷抑制丙酮酸脱氢酶，并通过与磷酸竞争解开氧化磷酸化，从而抑制与能量相关的NAD+还原、线粒体呼吸和ATP合成。过氧化氢的产生也增加，可能形成活性氧种和氧化应激。砷的致癌性受到砷与微管蛋白结合的影响，导致非整倍体、多倍体和有丝分裂停滞。砷与其他蛋白质靶点的结合也可能导致DNA修复酶活性改变、DNA甲基化模式改变和细胞增殖。

Excess copper is sequestered within hepatocyte lysosomes, where it is complexed with metallothionein. Copper hepatotoxicity is believed to occur when the lysosomes become saturated and copper accumulates in the nucleus, causing nuclear damage. This damage is possibly a result of oxidative damage, including lipid peroxidation. Copper inhibits the sulfhydryl group enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, and paraoxonases, which protect the cell from free oxygen radicals. It also influences gene expression and is a co-factor for oxidative enzymes such as cytochrome C oxidase and lysyl oxidase. In addition, the oxidative stress induced by copper is thought to activate acid sphingomyelinase, which lead to the production of ceramide, an apoptotic signal, as well as cause hemolytic anemia. Copper-induced emesis results from stimulation of the vagus nerve. Arsenic and its metabolites disrupt ATP production through several mechanisms. At the level of the citric acid cycle, arsenic inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase and by competing with phosphate it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, thus inhibiting energy-linked reduction of NAD+, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide production is also increased, which might form reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Arsenic's carginogenicity is influenced by the arsenical binding of tubulin, which results in aneuploidy, polyploidy and mitotic arrests. The binding of other arsenic protein targets may also cause altered DNA repair enzyme activity, altered DNA methylation patterns and cell proliferation. (T1, A17, L277, T49, A174, L280)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

人们每天必须吸收少量铜，因为铜对健康至关重要，然而，高水平的铜可能有害。极高剂量的铜可能会损害肝脏和肾脏，甚至可能导致死亡。铜可能会在敏感人群中引发过敏反应。砷中毒可能导致多系统器官衰竭而死亡，可能是由于坏死的细胞死亡，而非凋亡。砷也是一个已知的致癌物，尤其是在皮肤、肝脏、膀胱和肺癌中。

People must absorb small amounts of copper every day because copper is essential for good health, however, high levels of copper can be harmful. Very-high doses of copper can cause damage to your liver and kidneys, and can even cause death. Copper may induce allergic responses in sensitive individuals. Arsenic poisoning can lead to death from multi-system organ failure, probably from necrotic cell death, not apoptosis. Arsenic is also a known carcinogen, esepcially in skin, liver, bladder and lung cancers. (T1, L20, L278, L279)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L2）；吸入（L2）；皮肤给药（L2）

Oral (L2) ; inhalation (L2); dermal (L2)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

吸入高浓度的铜可以导致鼻和喉咙的刺激。摄入高浓度的铜可以引起恶心、呕吐、腹泻、头痛、头晕和呼吸困难。暴露于较低水平的砷可以导致恶心和呕吐，减少红细胞和白细胞的产生，心律异常，血管损伤以及烧灼感（T1）。

Breathing high levels of copper can cause irritation of the nose and throat. Ingesting high levels of copper can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and respiratory difficulty. Exposure to lower levels of arsenic can cause nausea and vomiting, decreased production of red and white blood cells, abnormal heart rhythm, damage to blood vessels, and a sensation of burn (T1).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(a)
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险类别：
  6.1(a)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  Copper Arsenate 、 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-八硫杂环辛烷 生成 二氧化硫
  参考文献：
  名称：

  ZHAMBEKOV, ISSLED. I RAZRAB. SPOSOBOV I SREDSTV BORBY S DISPERS. SISTEMAMI, ZAGRYAZN+

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• ZHAMBEKOV, ISSLED. I RAZRAB. SPOSOBOV I SREDSTV BORBY S DISPERS. SISTEMAMI, ZAGRYAZN+
  作者：ZHAMBEKOV

  DOI：——

  日期：——