Correlation of galectin-3/galectin-3-binding sites with low differentiation status in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas☆☆☆
摘要:
The accurate determination of levels of differentiation is of prognostic value in human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Because the deliberate selection of biochemical determinants accompanying certain stages of differentiation can refine the predictive power of histochemical assessments, the application of the quantitative evaluation of staining distribution and intensity by computer-assisted microscopy is one prerequisite to potential improvements. We used 2 innovative approaches with peanut agglutinin based on encouraging results with respect to common lectin-histochemistry. First, we used a custom-made neoglycoprotein to monitor the presence of Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen-binding sites. Second, we measured the presence of 2 galectins immunohistochemically and, at the same time, measured lectin-histochemically the presence of accessible ligands for the endogenous lectins. We also monitored the presence of calcyclin, a protein with relevance to cell cycle progression or exocytosis. With 61 cases of HNSCC as their basis, including 31 oral, 20 laryngeal, and 10 hypopharyngeal lesions, the data show that the main modifications observed in connection with a loss of differentiation are related to a modification in the levels of both galectin-3/galectin-3-binding site and T-antigen/T-antigen-binding site expressions. The data obtained also suggest that galectin-3 could act as an acceptor site for the T antigen. Because the level of differentiation is known to be indicative of the recurrence rate in HNSCCs and our data clearly indicate that galectin-3 and the T antigen (and their respective binding sites) are involved in dedifferentiation processes, further investigation is warranted into the roles of galectins in HNSCC tumor progression and recurrence analysis.
Several structurally unrelated scaffolds of the Rho kinase inhibitor were designed using pharmacophore information obtained from the results of a high-throughput screening and structural information from a homology model of Rho kinase. A docking simulation using the ligand-binding pocket of the Rho kinase model helped to comprehensively understand and to predict the structure-activity relationship of the inhibitors. This understanding was useful for developing new Rho kinase inhibitors of higher potency and selectivity. We identified several potent platforms for developing the Rho kinase inhibitors, namely, pyridine, 1H-indazole, isoquinoline, and phthalimide. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical Methods for N‐ and O‐Sulfation of Small Molecules, Amino Acids and Peptides
作者:Anna Mary Benedetti、Daniel M. Gill、Chi W. Tsang、Alan M. Jones
DOI:10.1002/cbic.201900673
日期:2020.4
Sulfation of the aminoacid residues of proteins is a significant post-translational modification, the functions of which are yet to be fully understood. Current sulfation methods are limited mainly to O-tyrosine (sY), which requires negatively charged species around the desired aminoacid residue and a specific sulfotransferase enzyme. Alternatively, for solid-phase peptide synthesis, a de novo protected
Synthesis of novel flavonoid derivatives as potential HIV- Integrase inhibitors
作者:Nelly N. Mateeva、Rao N. Kode、Kinfe K. Redda
DOI:10.1002/jhet.5570390620
日期:2002.11
Eighteen novelflavonoidderivatives - substituted chalcones and flavones were synthesized and characterized by using NMR, IR, UV/Vis spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The target compounds were achieved by using a sequence of simple and effective reactions starting from phloroglucinol. The initial hydroxyl groups were protected by methylation and in the final flavones the 5-OH group was selectively
Synthesis of biologically active derivatives of D-glucosamine-4-phosphate and 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate.
作者:Keisuke IDEGAMI、Kiyoshi IKEDA、Kazuo ACHIWA
DOI:10.1248/cpb.38.1766
日期:——
New 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4-phosphate and 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4, 6-disulfate derivatives were synthesized. The 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4, 6-disulfate derivative showed antiviral activity against HIV.
合成了新的 1-硫氨酰-D-葡糖胺-4-磷酸酯和 1-硫氨酰-D-葡糖胺-4,6-二硫酸盐衍生物。1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4, 6-disulfate 衍生物对 HIV 具有抗病毒活性。
Compounds of Trialkylamine Oxides with Sulfur Dioxide and Trioxide
作者:H. Z. Lecher、W. B. Hardy
DOI:10.1021/ja01191a073
日期:1948.11
Baumgarten; Marggraff, Chemische Berichte, 1931, vol. 64, p. 1584 Anm.