Alkylation of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dibenzylaminoacetonitrile: From Five- to Seven-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Systems
作者:Jacques Renault、Christelle Bouvry、Jean-François Cupif、Jean-Pierre Hurvois
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.2c02795
日期:2023.3.17
(2), and pyrrolo[1,2a]azepine (3) are described. New C–C bonds in the α position relative to the nitrogen atom were formed by the alkylation of metalated α-aminonitriles 4 and 6a–c with alkyl iodides possessing the requisite size and functionality. In all of the reported cases, the pyrrolidine ring was formed in the aqueous medium through a favorable 5-exo-tet process involving a primary or a secondary
介绍了几种生物碱和含氮化合物的合成,包括N -Boc-coniine ( 14b )、pyrrolizidine ( 1 )、δ-coniceine ( 2 ) 和 pyrrolo[1,2a ] azepine ( 3 )。通过金属化 α-氨基腈4和6a-c与具有所需尺寸和官能度的烷基碘进行烷基化,在相对于氮原子的 α 位置形成新的 C-C 键。在所有报告的案例中,吡咯烷环都是通过有利的 5-外四角在水性介质中形成的涉及伯氨基或仲氨基和末端 δ-离去基团的过程。相反,氮杂环庚烷环在作为首选非质子溶剂的N , N-二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF) 中通过未报道的 7-外四环化过程有效形成,该过程涉及亲核性更强的氨基钠和由饱和六碳原子承载的末端甲磺酸盐链单元。通过这种方式,我们无需繁琐的分离方法,就可以从廉价易得的材料中成功合成吡咯并[1,2 a ]氮杂环庚烷3和 2-丙基-氮杂环庚烷14c ,且收率高。