A facile synthesis of fluorine-containing heterocycles - use of 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-alkanones as a convenient synthetic intermediate
作者:Yasuhiro Kamitori
DOI:10.1002/jhet.5570380339
日期:2001.5
3-alkanediones 2 easily obtainable from various aldehyde dialkylhydrazones were reacted with several diamines to afford trifluoromethylquinoxalines 3 and trifluoromethylpyrazines 4 in good yields. With the use of aldehydes and aqueous ammonia instead of diamines, diketones 2 were successfully converted to the corresponding 4-trifluoromethylimidazoles 5 in satisfactory yields.
Et3N-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenative coupling of α-unsubstituted aldehydes and ketones with aryl diamines leading to quinoxalines using molecular oxygen as oxidant
作者:Chun Zhang、Zejun Xu、Liangren Zhang、Ning Jiao
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2012.03.020
日期:2012.7
A novel Et3N-catalyzed oxidativedehydrogenative coupling of α-unsubstituted carbonyl compounds with aryl diamines leading to quinoxaline derivatives usingmolecularoxygen as oxidant has been developed. Six hydrogen dissociations involving 2 sp3 C–H bonds activation are realized under mild conditions in this approach. Plausible mechanism is proposed for this novel Et3N-catalyzed transformation on
Pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]quinoxalines: Novel Synthesis via Annulation of 2-Alkylquinoxalines
作者:Sven Ammermann、Christian Hrib、Peter G. Jones、Wolf-Walther du Mont、Wolfgang Kowalsky、Hans-Hermann Johannes
DOI:10.1021/ol302348v
日期:2012.10.5
In an attempt to synthesize a novel homoleptic complex 3 from 2-methyl-3-phenylquinoxaline 1 and Ir(acac)(3) for application as a triplet emitter in OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes) no cyclometalation was observed. Instead, an annulation to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline 2 was observed. Since pyrroloquinoxalines are potentially bioactive and few paths for their synthesis are known, selected reactions and conditions were investigated, suggesting Ir(acac)(3) as catalyst and proving glycerol to be a reactant.
Trifluoroacetimidoyl lithium; generation and reaction with electrophiles
N-Aryl trifluoroacetimidoyl lithiums. synthetic equivalent of trifluoroacetyl carbanion, are prepared from N-aryl trifluoroacetimidoyl iodides by iodine-lithium exchange reaction with n-BuLi in ether at -78-degrees-C and react with various electrophiles, leading to synthetic blocks for trifluoromethylated nitrogen heterocycles.
(Trifluoroacetimidoyl)lithiums and Their Reaction with Electrophiles
N-Aryltrifluoroacetimidoyl iodides have been lithiated with n-butyllithium in ether. Because of the highly ionic nature of a carbon-lithium bond, the imidoyl carbanions are only stable below -60 degrees C. The reaction temperature, solvent, and steric bulkiness of the N-aryl substituents greatly affected alkylation. [N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)trifluoroacetimidoyl] lithium in ether is stable enough to be alkylated and silylated on the imino carbon with electrophiles such as acyl chlorides, aldehydes, ketones, chloroformate, and trimethylsilyl chloride.