1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)pentan-3-one

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)pentan-3-one
• 英文别名: (1R,2R)-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)pentan-3-one
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₅NO₄
• 分子量: 237.255
• InChiKey: OFSNTJXABKDNRR-QPUJVOFHSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.6
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.42
• 拓扑面积：
  83.1
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  对硝基苯甲醛 、 3-戊酮 在 (1R,2R)-N¹,N¹-dicyclopentylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine 、 三氟乙酸 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 反应 24.08h， 以68%的产率得到1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)pentan-3-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Highly stereoselective anti-aldol reactions catalyzed by simple chiral diamines and their unique application in configuration switch of aldol products

  摘要：

  Chiral derivatives of trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with different N,N-dialkyl groups in well-defined orientations have been synthesized, and applied as catalysts for the asymmetric aldol reaction between a variety of aldehydes and ketones. Enantiomeric catalyst 1j catalyzed the reaction in ethanol and provided excellent diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. Significantly, simple replacement of organic solvents with water switched the products of the aldol reactions from anti to syn configuration. Such catalytic reactions led to the products with anti to syn diastereoselectivity up to 99:1 in ethanol, while in water gave the products with syn to anti diastereoselectivity up to 99:1. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.053

文献信息

• Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by C2-Symmetrical Chiral Primary Amine Organocatalysts
  作者：Gong-Jian Zhu、Chao-Shan Da、Ya-Ning Jia、Xiao Ma、Lei Yi

  DOI：10.2174/157017810790533904

  日期：2010.1.1

  C-2-symmetrical chiral primary amines were synthesized from chiral BINOL and diamines. Then their catalytic activities in the asymmetric aldol reactions were evaluated, and the result indicated that 1c was the optimal organocatalyst. The reaction of a variety of aromatic aldehydes with aliphatic ketones, catalyzed by 20 mol % 1c in the addition of benzoic acid in carbon tetrachloride, afforded the aldol products

  从手性 BINOL 和二胺合成了三种新型 C-2 对称手性伯胺。然后评估了它们在不对称醛醇反应中的催化活性，结果表明1c是最佳的有机催化剂。在四氯化碳中加入苯甲酸，在 20 mol % 1c 的催化下，多种芳香醛与脂肪族酮反应得到高产率（高达 92%）和良好的对映选择性（高达 71%）的醛醇产物.
• Functionalized ionic liquids catalyzed direct aldol reactions
  作者：Sanzhong Luo、Xueling Mi、Long Zhang、Song Liu、Hui Xu、Jin-Pei Cheng

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2006.12.079

  日期：2007.2

  A series of functionalized ionic liquids (FILs) incorporated with chiral-pyrrolidine unit have been synthesized and tested as reusable organocatalysts for direct aldol reactions. FIL 1b in combination with acetic acid and water as additives could effectively catalyze direct aldol reactions of various ketone donors in high yields and the FIL catalyst was easily recycled and reused for six times with

  已合成了一系列与手性吡咯烷单元结合的功能化离子液体（FIL），并已测试它们可作为可直接用于羟醛直接反应的有机催化剂。FIL 1b与乙酸和水作为添加剂的组合可以有效地高产率催化各种酮供体的直接羟醛反应，并且FIL催化剂易于回收利用，可重复使用六次，但活性略有降低。基于实验观察和以前的报道，我们提出反应是通过顺烯胺中间体发生的，并且FIL中的离子液体部分为参与的醛受体提供了一定的空间屏蔽，这说明了在反应中观察到的适度的对映选择性。
• 2,4-Dinitrophenol as an Effective Cocatalyst: Greatly Improving the Activities and Enantioselectivities of Primary Amine Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Aldol Reactions
  作者：Chao-Shan Da、Li-Ping Che、Qi-Peng Guo、Feng-Chun Wu、Xiao Ma、Ya-Ning Jia

  DOI：10.1021/jo802758b

  日期：2009.3.20

  Seven primary amine organocatalysts 1a−g were readily prepared from natural primary amino acids via two steps and then were used to catalyze the direct asymmetric aldol reaction, but they showed very poor enantioselectivities and activities. As an effective cocatalyst, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) dramatically elevated the activities and enantioselectivities of these very inefficient primary amine organocatalysts

  可以通过两步从天然伯氨基酸容易地制备出7种伯胺有机催化剂1a - g，然后将其用于催化直接不对称羟醛反应，但它们的对映选择性和活性非常差。作为一种有效的助催化剂，2,4-二硝基苯酚（DNP）大大提高了这些非常低效的伯胺有机催化剂的活性和对映选择性。与从头开发催化剂相比，通过选择和使用最佳助催化剂对非常低效的有机催化剂进行这种补救的过程特别具有成本效益且对环境有利。由1f组成的最高效的有机催化系统DNP表现出高的对映选择性和良好的非对映选择性，具有广谱的七种酮。线性酮和环戊酮主要合成产物，而环己酮主要产生反产物。
• The application of a structurally simple, recyclable, and large-scale l-prolinamide catalyst for asymmetric aldol reactions
  作者：Zhi Guan、Yuan Luo、Bao-Qiang Zhang、Krystal Heinen、Da-Cheng Yang、Yan-Hong He

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.04.009

  日期：2014.5

  With heterocyclic ketones or cyclohexanone, the aldol reactions gave products in high yields and with respectable enantioselectivities (87–99% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to >99:1 anti/syn). The catalyst could be recycled and reused up to seven times resulting in good yields and with good selectivities. This catalyst is also efficient in large-scale reactions with the enantioselectivities remaining

  一个高效，双功能催化剂脯氨酰胺，其由手性脯氨酸和的反式-cyclohexanediamine部分，准备和各种酮类和醛类的直接不对称羟醛缩合反应进行评价。该催化剂对含氧，硫或氮的杂环酮显示出令人印象深刻的催化活性，但尚未充分探索。基板范围还覆盖环状和无环酮。与杂环酮或环己酮，醛醇缩合反应，得到的产品在高收率和对映选择性尊敬（87-99％ee）和非对映选择性（高达> 99：1反/顺）。该催化剂可再循环和再利用起来，导致良好的收益率七次，具有良好的选择性。该催化剂也与保持在相同的水平在实验规模的反应对映选择性的大规模反应高效。
• Organocatalytic Asymmetric<i>syn</i>-Aldol Reactions of Aldehydes with Long-Chain Aliphatic Ketones on Water and with Dihydroxyacetone in Organic Solvents
  作者：Ming-Kui Zhu、Xiao-Ying Xu、Liu-Zhu Gong

  DOI：10.1002/adsc.200800105

  日期：2008.6.9

  syn-aldol reaction of aliphatic ketones with aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by a primary amino acid-based organocatalyst afforded the syn-aldol adducts in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to > 20/1 dr, >99% ee), and a highly enantioselective syn-aldol reaction of dihydroxyacetone with a variety of aldehydes in THF proceeded with 14/1 to >20/1 dr and 92 to >99% ee. Water not

  脂族酮与伯醛基有机催化剂催化的脂肪醛酮与芳族醛的水上，不对称和直接的顺式-羟醛反应，可高收率地得到顺式-羟醛加合物，具有优异的非对映体和对映体选择性（最高> 20/1 dr，> 99％ee）和二羟基丙酮与多种醛在THF中的高度对映选择性顺丁烯醛反应以14/1至> 20/1 dr和92至> 99％ee进行。水不仅加速了反应，而且增强了对映选择性。这种积极的水效应可能是由于表面水分子在疏水界面处的侧基羟基与有机催化剂的酰胺氧之间形成的氢键而产生的，这增加了酰胺NH的酸度，从而增强了与水合形成的相关氢键。醛。