(2R,3S)-2-butyl-4-nitro-3-phenylbutanal

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: (2R,3S)-2-butyl-4-nitro-3-phenylbutanal
• 英文别名: (R)-2-((S)-2-nitro-1-phenylethyl)hexanal；2-(2-nitro-1-phenyl ethyl)-hexanal；(2R)-2-[(1S)-2-nitro-1-phenylethyl]hexanal
• 化学式: C₁₄H₁₉NO₃
• 分子量: 249.31
• InChiKey: CAVOCKLMUFETBT-UONOGXRCSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.2
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  7
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  62.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  反式硝基苯乙烯 、 正己醛 在 N,N-dimethylbenzylamine prolinol trimethylsilyl ether 、 4-[(3-Butylimidazol-1-ium-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid;hexafluorophosphate 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 5.0h， 以96%的产率得到(2R,3S)-2-butyl-4-nitro-3-phenylbutanal
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一种新型的可循环利用的有机催化体系，用于将醛高度不对称地加成至水中的硝基烯烃

  摘要：

  已开发出一种新的策略，该策略是在有机催化剂1与离子液体负载的（ILS）苯甲酸组合的水中，将醛不对称地迈克尔加成到硝基烯烃中。该体系的迈克尔加合物具有出色的非对映选择性和对映选择性。该有机催化体系的显着特征是催化剂可以循环使用12次以上，而对映选择性没有明显损失。另外，提出的综合方法简单，实用且对环境无害。 醛-不对称催化-绿色化学-离子液体-迈克尔加成

  DOI：

  10.1055/s-0030-1260465

文献信息

• [EN] ORGANOCATALYSTS AND METHODS OF USE IN CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS<br/>[FR] ORGANOCATALYSEURS ET PROCEDES D'UTILISATION DE CES DERNIERS DANS LA SYNTHESE CHIMIQUE
  申请人：STC UNM

  公开号：WO2006007586A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-01-19

  The present invention pertains generally to compositions comprising organocatalysts that facilitate stereo-selective reactions and the method of their synthesis and use. Particularly, the invention relates to metal-free organocatalysts for facilitation of stereo-­selective reactions, and the method of their synthesis and use. These compounds have the structure of the Formulas (I) and (II). Where X is independently selected from CH2, N-Ra, O, S or C=O; Y is CH2, N-Ra, O, S or C=O, with the proviso that at least one of X or Y is CH2, and preferably both of X and Y are CH2; Ra is H, an optionally substituted C1-C12 alkyl, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl including a C3-C6 cyclic alkyl group, or an optionally substituted aryl group, preferably an optionally substituted phenyl group; Rb is H, an optionally substituted C1-C12 alkyl, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C6 acyclic or a a C3-C6 cyclic alkyl group, CHO, N(Me)O, CO(S)Ra or the group of Formula (III). Where Rc and Rd are each independently H, F, C1, an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C6 alkyl, and an optionally substituted aryl group, or together Rc and Rd form an optionally substituted carbocyclic or optionally substituted heterocyclic ring; R1 is OH, OR, NR'R', NHC(=O)R, NHSO2R; R2 is H, F, C1, an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl, preferably an optionally substituted C1­C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl group or a =O group (which establishes a carbonyl group with the carbon to which =O is attached; R3 is H, OH, F, C1, Br, I, Cl, an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl ('hydrocarbyl') group, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl, such that the carbon to which R3 is attached has an R or S configuration; R is H, an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl group, R' and R' are each independently H, an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl group, preferably an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl group; or together R' and R' form an optionally substituted heterocyclic, preferably a 4 to 7 membered optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring with the nitrogen to which R' and R' are attached; and wherein said compound is free from a metal catalyst.

  本发明涉及一般包括有机催化剂的组合物，该催化剂促进立体选择性反应以及其合成和使用方法。特别地，本发明涉及无金属有机催化剂以促进立体选择性反应，以及其合成和使用方法。这些化合物具有以下结构的式（I）和（II）。其中X独立地选择自CH2、N-Ra、O、S或C=O；Y为CH2、N-Ra、O、S或C=O，但至少X或Y中的一个为CH2，最好是X和Y都为CH2；Ra为H、可选择地取代的C1-C12烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6烷基，包括C3-C6环烷基，或可选择地取代的芳基，最好是可选择地取代的苯基；Rb为H、可选择地取代的C1-C12烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6无环或C3-C6环烷基，CHO、N(Me)O、CO(S)Ra或式（III）的基团。其中Rc和Rd各自独立地为H、F、C1、可选择地取代的C1-C20烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C12烷基，更好地是C1-C6烷基，以及可选择地取代的芳基，或者Rc和Rd一起形成可选择地取代的碳环或可选择地取代的杂环；R1为OH、OR、NR'R'、NHC(=O)R、NHSO2R；R2为H、F、C1、可选择地取代的C1-C20烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6烷基，可选择地取代的芳基或=O基团（与=O连接的碳形成羰基基团）；R3为H、OH、F、C1、Br、I、Cl、可选择地取代的C1-C20烷基、烯基或炔基（'烃基'），最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6烷基，或可选择地取代的芳基，使得R3连接的碳具有R或S构型；R为H、可选择地取代的C1-C20烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6烷基，或可选择地取代的芳基，R'和R'各自独立地为H、可选择地取代的C1-C20烷基，最好是可选择地取代的C1-C6烷基，或可选择地取代的芳基；或者R'和R'一起形成可选择地取代的杂环，最好是4到7成员的可选择地取代的杂环基团或与R'和R'连接的氮原子形成可选择地取代的杂芳基环；其中所述化合物不含金属催化剂。
• Effective and recyclable dendritic catalysts for the direct asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitrostyrenes
  作者：Yawen Li、Xin-Yuan Liu、Gang Zhao

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.07.004

  日期：2006.8

  Direct catalytic enantio- and diastereoselective Michael addition reaction of aldehydes to nitrostyrenes is described using a series of recyclable chiral 2-trimethylsilanyloxy-methyl-pyrrolidine-based dendritic catalysts. Good yields (up to 82%), and high diastereoselectivities (up to syn/anti = 95/5) and enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) have been obtained.

  使用一系列可循环使用的手性2-三甲基甲硅烷基氧基-甲基-吡咯烷基树枝状催化剂描述了醛与硝基苯乙烯的直接催化对映和非对映选择性迈克尔加成反应。获得了良好的收率（高达82％），高的非对映选择性（高达syn / anti  = 95/5）和对映选择性（高达99％ee）。
• Enantio- and Diastereoselective Michael Addition Reactions of Unmodified Aldehydes and Ketones with Nitroolefins Catalyzed by a Pyrrolidine Sulfonamide
  作者：Jian Wang、Hao Li、Bihshow Lou、Liansuo Zu、Hua Guo、Wei Wang

  DOI：10.1002/chem.200600115

  日期：2006.5.24

  Chiral (S)-pyrrolidine trifluoromethanesulfonamide has been shown to serve as an effective catalyst for direct Michael addition reactions of aldehydes and ketones with nitroolefins. A wide range of aldehydes and ketones as Michael donors and nitroolefins as acceptors participate in the process, which proceeds with high levels of enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee) and diastereoselectivity (up to 50:1

  已显示手性（S）-吡咯烷三氟甲磺酰胺可作为醛和酮与硝基烯烃的直接迈克尔加成反应的有效催化剂。作为迈克尔供体的多种醛和酮以及作为受体的硝基烯烃参与了该过程，该过程以高水平的对映选择性（高达99％ee）和非对映选择性（高达50：1 dr）进行。该方法已成功地用于有效的H（3）激动剂Sch 50917的有效合成中。此外，已经开发了一种用于制备（S）-吡咯烷三氟甲烷磺酰胺的实用三步程序。已经通过使用从头算和密度泛函方法研究了由该吡咯烷磺酰胺催化的参与迈克尔加成反应的高水平立体化学控制。已计算出了限速C-C键形成步骤的过渡态结构，该结构对应于关键烯胺中间体的反应构象的表面和表面加成。对这些结构的分析表明，氢键在催化中起重要作用，并且醛在形成2R，3S产物的反应中si-face攻击的能垒比导致2S，3R产物的表面攻击要低。 。相反，在酮的反应中，用于表面添加的能垒比用于硅表面添加的能垒低。在这些迈克尔
• Epiandrosterone-derived prolinamide as an efficient asymmetric catalyst for Michael addition reactions of aldehydes to nitroalkenes
  作者：Yongchao Wang、Shen Ji、Kun Wei、Jun Lin

  DOI：10.1039/c4ra03075c

  日期：——

  Epiandrosterone derivatives-organocatalyzed asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroalkenes was investigated. Among the various catalysts, a novel type of epiandrosterone-derived L-prolineamide catalyst was synthesized and exhibited better performance in both catalytic activity and stereoselectivity, providing the products with high yields (up to 98%), excellent enantioselectivities (up to

  研究了表雄甾酮衍生物-有机催化的醛向硝基烯烃的不对称迈克尔加成反应。在各种催化剂中，合成了新型的表雄甾酮衍生的L-脯氨酸酰胺催化剂，并在催化活性和立体选择性方面均表现出更好的性能，从而提供了高收率（高达98％），优异的对映选择性（高达99％ee）的产物。 ）和非对映选择性（高达99：1 dr），催化剂负载量低（5 mol％）。
• A Novel Recyclable Organocatalytic System for the Highly Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins in Water
  作者：Allan Headley、Bukuo Ni、Dhruba Sarkar、Ramesh Bhattarai

  DOI：10.1055/s-0030-1260465

  日期：2011.6

  for the asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins with a catalytic system of organocatalyst 1 in combination with ionic-liquid-supported (ILS) benzoic acid in water has been developed. The Michael adducts of this system give excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. A notable feature of this organocatalytic system is that the catalyst can be recycled more than 12 times without significant

  已开发出一种新的策略，该策略是在有机催化剂1与离子液体负载的（ILS）苯甲酸组合的水中，将醛不对称地迈克尔加成到硝基烯烃中。该体系的迈克尔加合物具有出色的非对映选择性和对映选择性。该有机催化体系的显着特征是催化剂可以循环使用12次以上，而对映选择性没有明显损失。另外，提出的综合方法简单，实用且对环境无害。 醛-不对称催化-绿色化学-离子液体-迈克尔加成