Discovery of a Small Side Cavity in Sphingosine Kinase 2 that Enhances Inhibitor Potency and Selectivity
摘要:
The sphingosine-l-phosphate (SIP) signaling pathway is an attractive drug target due to its involvement in immune cell chemotaxis and vascular integrity. The formation of S1P is catalyzed by sphingosine kinase 1 or 2 (SphK1 or SphK2) from sphingosine (Sph) and ATP. Inhibition of SphK1 and SphK2 to attenuate levels of SIP has been reported to be efficacious in animal models of diseases such as cancer, sickle cell disease, and renal fibrosis. While inhibitors of both SphKs have been reported, improvements in potency and selectivity are still needed. Toward that end, we performed structure-activity relationship profiling of 8 (SLM6031434) and discovered a heretofore unrecognized side cavity that increased inhibitor potency toward SphK2. Interrogating this region revealed that relatively small hydrophobic moieties are preferred, with 10 being the most potent SphK2-selective inhibitor (K-i = 89 nM, 73-fold SphK2-selective) with validated in vivo activity.
苄氧基苯基部分是单胺氧化酶B(MAO-B),沙芬酰胺和司加吉林的高效,选择性和可逆抑制剂的常见结构。我们合成了在末端芳基单元上包含卤素取代基的4-(苄氧基)苯基和联苯-4-基衍生物。另外,我们修饰了胺基和联芳基连接单元之间的碳连接基。在合成的化合物中,12c作为竞争性抑制剂表现出最有效和选择性的MAO-B抑制作用(hMAO-B IC 50:8.9 nM;选择性比MAO-A高10,000倍)。另外,12c与著名的MAO-B抑制剂(例如司来吉兰,沙芬酰胺和sembragiline)相比,具有更高的MAO-B抑制活性和选择性。在MPTP诱发的帕金森氏病(PD)小鼠模型中,12c可显着保护酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫阳性DAergic神经元,并减轻与PD相关的行为缺陷。这项研究表明,作为MAO-B抑制剂的特征结构可能为PD治疗药物的开发提供很好的见识。
Room-Temperature, Transition-Metal-Free Arylation of Alcohols with Aryl Bromides
作者:Yanqing Wang、David J. Young、Hong-Xi Li、Da-Liang Zhu、Jie Li、Qi Wu
DOI:10.1055/a-1932-6146
日期:2023.2
Sodium tert-butoxide promotes the efficient etherification of alcohols with aryl bromides at room temperature. This simple procedure has a broad substrate scope, providing a practical pathway to arylalkyl ethers in good yields without the addition of any transitionmetal species.