申请人:Buchwald L. Stephen
公开号:US20050250959A1
公开(公告)日:2005-11-10
One aspect of the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming methods. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-sulfur bond between the sulfur atom of a thiol moiety and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to copper(II)-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of an amide and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-carbon bond between the carbon atom of cyanide ion and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a copper-catalyzed method of transforming an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide into the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide. Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to a tandem method, which may be practiced in a single reaction vessel, wherein the first step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide from the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide; and the second step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl nitrile, amide or sulfide from the aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide formed in the first step.
本发明的一个方面涉及
铜催化的
碳-杂原子和
碳-
碳键形成方法。在某些实施例中,本发明涉及
铜催化的方法,用于在芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯卤代物或
磺酸盐的活性
碳和巯基官能团的
硫原子之间形成
碳-
硫键。在其他实施例中,本发明涉及
铜(II)催化的方法,用于在芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯卤代物或
磺酸盐的活性
碳和
酰胺的
氮原子之间形成
碳-
氮键。在某些实施例中,本发明涉及
铜催化的方法,用于在
氰离子的
碳原子和芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯卤代物或
磺酸盐的活性
碳之间形成
碳-
碳键。在另一实施例中,本发明涉及一种
铜催化的方法,将芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯氯化物或
溴化物转化为相应的芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯碘化物。本发明的另一实施例涉及
串联方法,可以在单个反应容器中实施,其中该方法的第一步涉及从相应的芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯氯化物或
溴化物中
铜催化形成芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯碘化物;该方法的第二步涉及从第一步形成的芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯碘化物中
铜催化形成芳基、杂芳基或
乙烯腈、
酰胺或
硫化物。