申请人:E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY
公开号:EP0292138A1
公开(公告)日:1988-11-23
Group Transfer Polymerization process comprising contacting under polymerizing conditions at least one monomer selected from acrylic and maleimide monomers with (i) a tetracoordinate organosilicon, organotin or organogermanium polymerization initiator having at least one initiating site, and (ii) a co-catalyst which is a source of fluoride, bifluoride, cyanide or azide ions or selected oxyanion, the process further characterized in that a selected silylamine is present before and/or during the polymerization, the silylamine being of the formula:
wherein:
each R, independently, is C₁₋₁₈ n-alkyl, n-alkenyl or n-alkynyl;
X³ is -H or C₁₋₁₂ n-alkyl;
Y¹ is -H, C₁₋₁₂ n-alkyl, aryl or alkaryl;
a is 1, 2 or 3;
b is 0 or 1;
c is 1 or 2;
(a + b + c) is 4;
X³ and Y¹ taken together with -N form a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocyclic ring or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or more substituents that are inert under polymerizing conditions;
provided, however, if Y¹ is aryl or alkaryl, then X³ is C₁₋₁₂ n-alkyl; and provided, however, if a is 3 and c is 1, then each of X³ and Y¹, taken independently, is -H or -CH₃.
基团转移聚合工艺,包括在聚合条件下将至少一种选自丙烯酸单体和马来酰亚胺单体的单体与(i)具有至少一个引发位点的四价有机硅、有机锡或有机锗聚合引发剂接触、和(ii) 助催化剂,该催化剂是氟化物、双氟化物、氰化物或叠氮离子或选定氧阴离子的来源,该工艺的进一步特征在于,在聚合之前和/或聚合过程中存在选定的硅胺,该硅胺的结构式如下:
其中
每个 R 独立地是 C₁₋₁₈ 正烷基、正烯基或正炔基;
X³ 是-H 或 C₁₋₁₂ 正烷基;
Y¹ 是-H、C₁₋₁₂ n-烷基、芳基或烷芳基;
a 是 1、2 或 3
b 是 0 或 1
c 是 1 或 2;
(a + b + c) 为 4;
X³ 和 Y¹ 与 -N 共同形成 5 或 6 元饱和杂环,或含有一个或多个在聚合条件下为惰性的取代基的 5 或 6 元杂环;
但是,如果 Y¹ 是芳基或烷芳基,则 X³ 是 C₁₋₁₂ n-烷基;但是,如果 a 是 3 且 c 是 1,则 X³ 和 Y¹ 中的每一个独立地为-H 或-CH₃。